Examines two ethical issues involved in the inclusion of spiritual issues in counseling. Outlines appropriate areas for and means of spiritual exploration with clients. Examines the general resistance among counselors to use of this form of intervention. (Author)

Reports the findings of a study which assessed nutrition knowledge, certain attitudes, and commitment to teaching nutrition of K-6 teachers (N=125) who received one of three different types of preparation for teaching nutrition. Indicates positive correlations and influences on the three areas assessed. (Author/DC)

Reports the findings of a study which examined the knowledge and problem-solving strategies used by 14 ninth grade biology students to solve three types of basic genetics problems. Concludes that although most students could solve problems correctly, they sometimes lacked meaningful understanding or could not interrelate concepts. (DC)

Examined the effects of precounseling preparation on clients' in-counseling behavior after their first session in a college counseling center. Clients (N=72) were randomly assigned to treatment or control conditions based on sex and type of problem. Results confirmed that clients in the pretraining group possessed more information about…

Examines the relationship of national political interest and knowledge of comparative and international politics among 2,000 13 and 17 year old students in American schools. Findings indicated that American students are more interested in and knowledgeable about national than non-national politics. (DB)

Examines how social science is taught in universities in socialist nations and presents a case study of Cuba as an example of how one developing nation has combined scientific knowledge and the needs of social development. Journal availability: see SO 507 303. (DB)

This article presents a report on student effort in economics courses based on time and the efficiency of its use. Information is presented on explanatory variables in each of the several learning models tested, theoretical basis for recent empirical student learning, definitions of student input, and the student-choice model proposed by Richard…

This study reveals that Canadian secondary school students' knowledge of civil liberties and human rights laws is inadequate and that their attitudes are negative and inconsistent. Items on the survey include freedom of speech, assembly, and religion; right to counsel; access to a public facility; right of employment; and rental accommodation.…

Reports remarks made by Daniel J. Boorstin, Librarian of Congress, on distinctions between the concepts of knowledge and information and on the widening gap between the growth of "information institutions" and the financial plight of many "knowledge institutions" (schools and libraries). Shows how Boorstin's ideas bear on the…

Evaluators can convey what Polanyi calls propositional knowledge by explicitly stating technical information. To express the residue left unsaid (ineffable knowledge), skillful use of anecdote, analogy and metaphor is needed. The audience must feel they have shared the evaluator's experience. (CP)

Very long-term memory for abstract materials was examined for subjects who had served in a synthetic grammar learning experiment two years earlier. Knowledge of these grammars was retained. The form and structure of knowledge and the manner in which it is put to use remained similar to the original. (Author/RD)

Defining and measuring professional obsolescence among physical educators is examined through a comparison of the current knowledge base of graduating physical education seniors and physical education practitioners. Results demonstrate a conflict between what experts think persons in the field of physical education should know and the actual…

Paragraph recall was easier if prior information, presented as elaborations of the paragraph sentences, was precise, rather than irrelevant or imprecise. Precise information also permitted quick and efficient elaboration of new information. (Author/CP)

Information is presented from results of administration of the Socio-Knowledge and Attitudes Test to 200 retarded persons aged 18 to 41 (equal sex distribution), most of whom were moderately or severely retarded. (Author/CL)