A total of 97 children three to seven years of age were identified as high-, medium-, or low-exploratory and participated in both independent sessions and 1 of 2 types of supportive sessions with an adult. Support consisted of either close attention by the adult to the child's exploration or modeling and direction by the adult. (Author/RH)

To explore the relationship between spatial ability and both image quality and image process efficiency, 79 subjects completed spatial tests, imagery questionnaires, and laboratory tasks. Laboratory measures of process efficiency and image quality were strongly related to spatial test performance and weakly related to one another. (Author/BW)

To evaluate individual differences in children's propensity to demonstrate cognitive synthesis, six-year-olds were asked to demonstrate the meaning of various sentences constructed of logographs, which were arranged in either a meaningful or scrambled order. Overall, synthesizers had a larger attentional reserve, or M-capacity, than…

Both corporations and colleges aspire to excellence but often fall short of it. Although there are important similarities and differences between the two cultures, colleges and universities must become informed by and about their corporate counterparts. (MSE)

Discriminant analyses of survey data from managers who have reached career plateaus and managers who are still highly mobile (N=199) suggested significant differences between the two groups. Plateaued managers were absent from work more frequently; they reported poorer relationships with supervisors, lower education levels, and impaired health.…

Intellectually gifted students (N=199) and students in the fine and performing arts (N=176) completed the High School Personality Questionnaire. Results indicated that gifted students obtained higher leadership potential scores, while talented students scored higher in creativity. Several significant differences were found in personality profiles…

Evaluates preschoolers' ability to distinguish left-right mirror-images of objects on a memory task and ability to name rows of objects on a page in a consistent lateral direction. Abilities were assessed first without specific instructions on the relevance of left-right information and then with instructions. (Author/AS)

Discusses normative developmental changes in cardiovascular and electrodermal activity and describes the dynamic balance between branches of the autonomic nervous system. Issues for further developmental study are identified, and problems and limitations in the psychophysiological study of children are explored. (Author/RH)

When looking at diverse theories of intelligence, there are four common notions to guide software developers: (1) educational software must be sensitive to individual differences; (2) programs must motivate students; (3) software must reflect real world problems; and (4) software should receive careful empirical evaluation. (JMK)

Compared 144 community mental health workers, 60 child welfare workers and 84 family service workers in terms of job satisfacation, burnout, and intent to change jobs. Results indicated child welfare workers reported higher levels of stress and suggested that interventions must consider the particular needs of each group. (JAC)

Investigated the possibility that the extent to which people expect typical events to occur is correlated with the degree to which people make positive judgements about their acquaintances. Results supported this possibility and suggested that the typicality of scripts is indicative of the general positivity of a person's expectations. (Author/JAC)

Tested 40 teachers and teacher educators to determine whether educators associated with clinical vs. scholarly/scientific work settings would view classroom events using different perspectives. These educators responded to three videotaped and six written scenarios of classroom events. Significant differences were found between work-setting…

Presents results from a study that used an intensive design approach to investigate cognitive aspects of fluent reading. Cites data from the study to illustrate the advantages of the methodology for monitoring intrasubject variability in text processing. (FL)

Investigated the development of general attitudes toward work in career transitions of Israeli junior and senior high school students, university students, and vocational and executive trainees. The results confirmed the role of expectations in attitude formation. Similar expectations as to status and advancement led to similar attitudes. (JAC)

Investigated the relationship between ego identity development and obesity in adolescent girls (N=30). Subjects completed the Washington University Sentence Completion Test for ego identity development. Significant differences in scores of ego identity emerged between normal weight subjects and puberty-onset obese subjects and between…