In this study, a valid and reliable scale (TSSSSS) was aimed to develop to measure secondary school students' perceptions of teacher support. The research was carried out on a total of 773 students studying in 6 different secondary schools in Ankara's Yenimahalle district in the Spring Term of the 2021-2022 Academic Year. The students who…

Universal screening to predict students' risk for reading problems is a foundational component of the Multi-Tiered Systems of Support framework and is required by law in many US states. School or district administrators are tasked with selecting screening assessments that are both technically adequate and feasible given the resources of their…

Despite agreement about the central importance of validity for educational and psychological testing, consensus regarding the definition of validity remains elusive. Differences in the definition of validity are examined and reveals that a potential cause of disagreement stems from differences in word use and meanings given to key terms commonly…

This module is designed for educators, educational researchers, and psychometricians who would like to develop an understanding of the basic concepts of validity theory, test validation, and documenting a "validity argument." It also describes how an in-depth understanding of the purposes and uses of educational tests sets the foundation…

In this article, we argue that automated scoring engines should be transparent and construct relevant--that is, as much as is currently feasible. Many current automated scoring engines cannot achieve high degrees of scoring accuracy without allowing in some features that may not be easily explained and understood and may not be obviously and…

A critical issue in using fine-grained gameplay data to measure learning processes is the development of indicators and the algorithms used to derive such indicators. Successful development--that is, developing traceable, interpretable, and sensitive-to-learning indicators--requires understanding the underlying theory, how the theory is…

The purpose of this paper is to present a conversation about how impact has been seen and felt by youth and adult co-researchers in a long-term, school-based youth participatory action research (YPAR) project, "Courageous Conversations." To stay true to the epistemological commitments of YPAR, and in an effort to speak back to…

Active learning is a popular approach to teaching and learning that has gained traction through research on STEM educational improvement. There have been numerous university- and national/international-level efforts focused on transitioning courses from the lecture method to active learning. However, despite these large-scale changes, the active…

In this study, we aimed to find problematic and supportive issues in Afghan undergraduate students' proofs of the irrationality of [square root]3 and [square root]5/8 while using the indirect proof method. Collecting and analyzing produced proofs of 30 sophomore and 48 senior undergraduate students on the irrationality of [square root]3 and…

Validity is one of the essential criteria for an instrument to be used in counselling and educational learning instruction. Several components of validity requirements need to be validated before using the instrument. One of those components is content validity. As mentioned in the literature, content validity is a qualitative assessment. However,…

Moving Beyond the Ordinal Methodological Controversy: A Systematic Review (Manuscript 1): Ordinal outcome data is a common byproduct of education research. Yet more than seventy-five years after the development of Stevens' original measurement framework, the permissibility of select analytic techniques to ordinal outcome data remains a topic of…

Background: For peer assessment, reliability (i.e., consistency in ratings across peers) and validity (i.e., consistency of peer ratings with instructors or experts) are frequently examined in the research literature to address a central concern of instructors and students. Although the average levels are generally promising, both reliability and…

This study is presented in two sections. A total of 436 students from five different colleges under the Royal University of Bhutan participated in this study. The first part involved validating the E-Learning Acceptance Measure (ELAM) proposed by Teo (2010) for its applicability in the context of the study by using Confirmatory Factor Analysis…

Introduction: The What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) reviews rigorous research on educational interventions with a goal of identifying "what works" and making that information accessible to educators and policymakers. In rating the quality of causal research, the WWC has historically prioritized internal validity over external validity. One…

This phenomenology research aims to examine prospective elementary mathematics teachers' proving and proof evaluation and their thoughts on convincing according to proof type and argument type. The participants were eight prospective teachers. The data collection tools were semi-structured group interviews, interviews video recordings and the…