To investigate gender effects on computer-mediated communication, undergraduate psychology students were put in small groups (males, females, or mixed) and were assigned feminine content (decision making) and masculine content (intellective) task types. Groups of females, regardless of task, sent more words per e-mail message, were more satisfied…

Explores the relationship between the dynamics of leadership teams in student affairs divisions of universities and colleges and campus leaders' perceptions of the effectiveness of the student affairs division as a whole. Results suggest that leadership teams in which members perceived higher levels of trust, structure, and work also perceived…

Analyzes the way task proceedings engender emotional reactions, the conditions under which these are expressed in positive and negative socioemotional behavior, and the effect of such behavior on the status hierarchy in informal task groups. Suggests that the expression of socioemotional behavior in task groups is deeply intertwined with the…

Sees introduction of specific structures and exercises in psychotherapy group as directly controlling course of events and affecting members' perceptions of the group and leader. Asserts that exercises must highlight, rather than bypass, existing group processes. Presents five-step model for preparing, working with, processing, generalizing, and…

Discusses the differentiation of the American professoriate on the following primary dimensions of professionalism: (1) patterns of work; (2) identification; (3) authority; (4) career; and (5) association. Argues that integration is accomplished through overlap of subcommunities, rather than through socialization or similar functions. (FMW)

Compares two contrasting perspectives of social contagion processes (structural equivalence and cohesion) associated with the organizational outcome variables of commitment and role ambiguity in organizations. Finds that structural equivalence was more associated with role ambiguity and that commitment was more associated with cohesion. (MS)

Describes an encounter group process using Van Servellen's (1984) systems' model and Yalom's (1985) therapeutic factors as a guide for analysis to resolve conflict among faculty. Presents use of structure, communication, and process components of the model that provided direction for group leaders to analyze small group interactions and select…

A hierarchical structure is a widespread organizational form in many areas. My aim in this paper is to provide a rationale for this fact based on two premises. First, a group organizes itself so as to achieve efficient coordination. Second, efficient coordination is achieved only if subgroups as well as individuals agree to cooperate. Even in…

This article describes art therapy techniques grounded in a relational-cultural approach used in a middle school group for girls. Art from the Heart is an interactive preventive intervention designed to facilitate increased connections among group members. It is intended to bring together multiethnic groups of urban girls with complex relational…

Notes that to the extent to which solutions to major worldwide distributive problems require a cooperative-communal orientation, such solutions will not be achieved as long as the economic sphere and socializing agents persist in viewing agency-equity-competition as the natural state of mankind. (Author/AM)

This paper presents an overview of the psycho-social aspects of social loafing and free riding in a traditional and distance learning environment. A brief literature review and summaries of frequently cited antecedents and their mitigating factors are reviewed for application by instructors, designers, and administrators in distance education.…

Seventy-nine members of several types of groups responded to questionnaires which detailed their goals and self-perceptions, and their expectations and perceptions of group leadership, norms, methods, and atmosphere. The questionnaires were administered near the beginning and again at the end (posttest N=69) of the group experience. The groups…

Little research attention has been paid to the systematic validation of mathematical indices of social structure. The validation strategies in use remain largely implicit and generally fail to appreciate the multi-dimensionality of structure. The current paper proposes a new method designed to avoid these shortcomings and reports the results of…

Men's occupational mobility is compared with women's marriage mobility. Major results are that men more frequently inherit their origin statuses through their first jobs while women frequently move both upward and downward through their marriages. (Author/AM)

THIS PUBLICATION IS ONE OF A SERIES ON CURRENT RESEARCH AND RESOURCES COMPILED BY THE COUNSELING AND PERSONNEL SERVICES INFORMATION CENTER. RESUMES OF SELECTED LITERATURE ON RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN SMALL GROUP WORK ARE PRESENTED. SOME OF THE RESEARCH HAS COME FROM THE PERSONNEL PROFESSIONS WHILE OTHER DEVELOPMENTS HAVE COME FROM THE FIELDS OF…