A new model for measuring misinformation is suggested. A modification of Wilcox's strong true-score model, to be used in certain situations, is indicated, since it solves the problem of correcting for guessing without assuming guessing is random. (Author/GK)

The validity conditions for univariate repeated measures designs are described. Attention is focused on the sphericity (equality of variance) requirement. It is recommended that separate rather than pooled error term procedures be routinely used to test a priori hypotheses. (Author/JKS)

A linear utility model is introduced for optimal selection where several subpopulations of applicants are to be distinguished. Using this model, procedures are described for obtaining optimal cutting scores in subpopulations in quota-free as well as quota-restricted selection situations. The procedures are demonstrated with empirical data.…

Procedures for the analysis of profiles of means in repeated measures designs under order restriction for patterns of mean change are described. Tables of critical values are provided for the case of simple-order alternatives. (Author/JKS)

This paper considers some appropriate and inappropriate uses of coefficient kappa and alternative kappa-like statistics. Discussion is restricted to the descriptive characteristics of these statistics for measuring agreement with categorical data in studies of reliability and validity. (Author)

Errors of misclassification associated with two concept acquisition criteria and their effects on the actual significance level and power of a statistical test for sequential development of these concepts are presented. Explicit illustrations of actual significance levels and power values are provided for different misclassification models.…

A computational method for weighted euclidean distance scaling (a method of multidimensional scaling) which combines aspects of an "analytic" solution with an approach using loss functions is presented. (Author/JKS)

The results substantiate Williamson's hypothesis that the M-form of organization is superior to the U-form of organization. For each of the two levels of decomposability of technology, the M-form yields higher profit solutions than the U-form. (Author/IRT)

Presents a stochastic model and subsequent risk analysis that should enable an administrator to evaluate an incentive contract. A numerical illustration points out the types of issues that can be addressed by the model. (Author/IRT)

This first of two related reports by the same authors presents a generalized theory of the information flow process that establishes quantitative definitions for and relationships among quantity of information, value of information, effectiveness of information, decision-maker effectiveness, and decision-maker performance. Eighteen references are…

Detailed reanalyses of data reported in Studies in Educational Evaluation: Monograph No. 1 by Y. Kashti and Monograph No. 5 by U. Kattmann, 1979, were performed using an explicitly structurally oriented approach via target analysis (PINDIS). Results contradict those reached by Kashti and Kattmann. (RL)

In this study of 547 high school graduates, Alderfer's and Maslow's need hierarchy theories were expressed in Markov chain form and were subjected to empirical test. Both models were disconfirmed. Corroborative multiwave correlational analysis also failed to support the need hierarchy concept. (Author/IRT)

Two applications of Kristof's theorem on traces of matrix products are presented in order to highlight their utility for psychometric theory and studies. (Author/JKS)

The IR systems are faced with a need to manage fuzziness and not merely to react to fuzziness. Fuzzy set theory can be used to model the indexing and retrieval processes. (BD)

Within the beta-binomial Bayesian framework, procedures are described for the evaluation of the kappa index of reliability on the basis of one administration of a domain-referenced test. Major factors affecting this index include cutoff score, test score variability and test length. Empirical data which substantiate some theoretical trends deduced…