Provides information about correlates of disruptive behaviors among nursing home residents with dementia. Observation of a wide range of behaviors (N=45) across 11 months were analyzed. Findings suggest that cognitive status, but not health variables, predicts disruptive behavior among nursing home residents with dementia. (Author/MKA)

To increase the signal-to-noise ratio in a kindergarten classroom, the application of soundfield amplification was experimentally controlled and observations of appropriate and inappropriate student behavior recorded before, during, and after soundfield treatment. An increase in appropriate behavior was found when the soundfield application was on…

Compares traditional spelling instruction and a Copy, Cover, and Compare instruction technique for the spelling accuracy of an adolescent diagnosed with a conduct disorder, Results show that although both spelling methods are effective in increasing spelling accuracy, the Copy, Cover, and Compare approach produced higher levels of accuracy.…

Primary caregivers of 82 children exhibiting behavior problems were categorized into three family types: grandparent, single-parent, or two-parent. Results show that although all caregivers reported significant levels of behavior problems in their children, parents from both single and two-parent families reported higher levels of parental stress…

Examined effects of enthusiastic praise, nonenthusiastic praise, and nonenthusiastic description on compliance and general behavior of disruptive and typical preschoolers. Found higher compliance rates in nonenthusiastic description condition than in enthusiastic praise condition across groups. Participants had higher rates of general (not…

Fifty staff working with adults with mental retardation rated potentially challenging behaviors in terms of: (1) whether they thought the behaviors were challenging, and (2) whether the behaviors should be the focus of intervention. Results found that staff were less likely to identify as challenging those behaviors having negative effects on…

As a commentary on the Special Issue, this paper discusses recent advances in the study of change across several time scales. It points out the importance of specifying time scales and putative patterns of change when characterizing problem behavior over developmental time scales. Methods for studying risk and protective mechanisms through…

Positive- and negative-reinforcement-based procedures typically have targeted acceptance for children with severe food refusal; however, these procedures do not always result in successful swallowing. Once acceptance is achieved, some children expel the food repeatedly or pack (hold or pocket) it in their mouths for extended periods of time. This…

Research into bullying behaviour has identified two main categories of bullying behaviour, direct bullying and relational bullying, within which different profiles are evident, namely 'pure' bullies, 'pure' victims, bully/victims and neutral children. The current study examined the relationship between direct and relational bullying profiles,…

We tested whether individual differences in a component of early conscience mediated relations between parental discipline and externalizing behavior problems in 238 3.5-year-olds. Parents contributed assessments of discipline practices and child moral regulation. Observations of children's behavioral restraint supplemented parental reports.…

Beliefs underlying underlying education reform movements are reviewed in the context of three common principles of need: option, probability, and possibility. The causes of problem behavior, the idea that schools will improve when students' individual needs are met, and pressures from the community are explored. The reality is that student needs…

This first person account opens a window onto the inner world of a troubled youth. This narrative describes a young boy's personal account of being dropped off at a facility for troubled youth, in hopes that his behavior will change.

Disagreements and conflicts in families with disruptive children often reflect rigid patterns of behavior that have become overlearned and automatized with repeated practice. These patterns are mindless: They are performed with little or no awareness and are highly resistant to change. This article introduces a new, mindfulness-based model of…

Based upon an emergent account of pragmatic ability and disability, this article provides theoretical and empirical support for a conceptually deeper understanding of some systematic behaviors that have served as diagnostic indices in communicatively impaired populations. Specifically, by employing conversation analysis, several examples of…

The contributions of temperamental styles and emotional coping strategies to the development of preschoolers' social competence and behavior problems were investigated. The ability to cope with emotion was found to be more important than temperament alone in the development of prosocial behavior. Our results indicate that the use of passive coping…