Thirteen New York City third graders and 72 sixth graders completed a state reading test and the Learning Style Inventory (LSI) by Dunn, Dunn, and Price. Eleven LSI variables accounted for significant differences between high and low achievers in reading. Variables include preferred learning environment, learning modalities, and personality…

Data from six U.S. national surveys compared the estimated contributions to global happiness and marital happiness and satisfaction with each of seven aspects of life, ranging from work to friendships. Findings indicated that Americans depend very heavily on their marriages for their psychological well-being. (Author)

Receiver difference indices were developed to describe comprehension of organized and disorganized spoken messages. Comprehension was measured by a multiple-choice test and data analyses allowed for the interpretation of different indices of receiver comprehension in a variety of messages conditions. (Author/MH)

To place the concept of emotion in perspective, various issues must be considered: the usefulness of emotion as a unitary concept; the measurement of emotions and the relations among diverse measures; developmental changes; the origins of individual differences in emotional behavior; and the relation between emotional and cognitive development.…

Reports research which distinguished five types of museum visitors by their levels of aesthetic judgment and determined that these types follow different paths and seek different information while in the museum. Based on these findings, a participatory tour format was designed for adolescent Type I and II (naive) visitors. (SJL)

Summarizes the theory of psychological differentiation and reviews recent cross-cultural research on the roles of child rearing, culture, and ecology in the development of individual, group, and sex differences in the field dependence-field independence cognitive style component of psychological differentiation. (SS)

Using a stimulated recall technique, the reports of cognitive processes during teaching of twelve experienced junior high school teachers were recorded in an experimental setting and analyzed. Reports were related to teachers' cognitive style and ability. (Author/JKS)

Time to learn, intelligence, and school achievement were correlated for fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade children. Time to learn was a strong correlate of school achievement. Correlations were lower between time to learn and IQ, and between IQ and achievement. (Author/RD)

Twenty audiotapes, containing lies or true statements, were recorded and judged by 100 subject-listeners, aged 15-30. As a group, subjects displayed better-than-chance accuracy in judging veracity, which confirms previous studies. A tentative profile is drawn of an individual adept at detecting lies. (SJL)

Recent research in the area of individual differences in learning and memory is reviewed from a cognitive perspective. Using the two-state model of memory as a framework, individual variations in attentional, short-term store, and long-term store processes are discussed. (Editor)

Utilizes experimental results to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale as an instrument for measuring individual (rather than group) differences among infants and notes how these differences contribute to parent-infant interaction. (BH)

Discussed is a study which measured the importance of considering differing student abilities to deal with cognitive ability task factors when developing research methodology and statistics courses in psychology. Topics discussed are data on which the study was based, testing procedure, testing instrument, results, and major findings. (Author/DB)

Discusses various interpretations of how to individualize education and presents an outline summarizing the essential elements in individualized learning. (RK)

In an attempt to clarify her own views and values and in trying to help kids clarify theirs, a teacher began to think of her classroom as one of many cultures her students were experiencing. To this culture they brought a variety of backgrounds and through debate, they learn about their own values. (Author/RK)

This study of sixth graders showed that deductive teaching was significantly more effective than inductive instruction for some pupils. (MM)