A critique by Carroll of a study by Jarman and Das (EJ 171 820) is refuted in terms of the methodology and theory of the Jarman and Das study. Additionally, two general issues concerned with individual differences in cognitive processes and strategic behavior are elaborated beyond Carroll's discussion. (Author/CP)

The case is made for basing analysis of longitudinal data on each subject's curve of scores. In this analysis of IQ scores from a longitudinal study, fitted curves yielded significant error reduction, rendering untenable the doctrine of IQ constancy. A visual method of curve classification is also presented. (Author/SJL)

From investigations of cognitive development, intellectual ability, and learning strategies, representative examples of research are used to highlight dilemmas which attend the use of the terms "stages,""levels,""styles," and "strategies" to describe different aspects of human thinking and learning, especially in adolescents and young adults.…

The oxygen uptake and heart rate of men and boys were determined and compared using a continuous incremental bicycle ergometer test. Both groups had similar patterns for consistency, but the children had smaller individual difference variations for both oxygen uptake and heart rate. (FG)

According to Hypothesis (H) theory, learning should be very difficult when the number of Hs the subject samples from is very large and/or the correct H is not available. These assumptions were tested with third- and fourth-grade children. In general, results supported these assumptions. (Author/MP)

Teachers should be aware of the basic causes of behavior, that value choices and resultant behaviors to maintain the self are learned through antecedent experiences. Students from differing cultural or social backgrounds can be misunderstood when they react to classroom situations in their learned mode. (Author/SJL)

A distinction is drawn between students' ability to understand information and their personal acceptance and valuing of that information. Results of a small-scale study are used to suggest that students may differ in their levels of acceptance of information. Ideas regarding possible future research are discussed. (Author/JMD)

Investigates the validity of a semiprojective measure of "engagement" with respect to the differential effects of family size. Engagement style refers to the perception one has of oneself as either doing (agent) or being done to (patient). Subjects were 51 male college students ranging in age from 18 to 26 years. (SS)

Describes an investigation of individual differences in French language achievement in a group of first-grade anglophone students attending a total early immersion program. Discusses factors used to predict achievement in French language arts, listening comprehension, and oral production, and analyzes significant correlations. (Author/MES)

Convergence between temperament ratings from two different sources (mothers and observers) and observer codings of peer-peer interaction was assessed. (Author/MP)

Investigates the sociocultural factors which influenced the development and acceptance of the IQ as a concept and intelligence testing as a procedure in the United States between 1900 and 1930. (DB)

Suggests implementation of wide reading programs so that social studies teachers can accommodate various reading levels in their classrooms. Options include parallel texts at different levels, tapes of readings at lowest levels, and individual reading of articles and books at different reading levels. (KC)

Current theories about teaching children to read overemphasize use of the left brain hemisphere. Children with a right-hemisphere dominance are likely to experience difficulties unless reading experiences are planned which capitalize on right-brain characteristics: divergent thinking and creative activities, hands-on experiences, and free reading.…

Describes the research method and the results of behavior analysis of successful negotiators during actual negotiations between union and management representatives and the behaviors that distinguish the skilled from the average negotiators. (MF)

Findings from a study using the Student Estimate of Teacher Concern (SETC) to measure home economics students' perceptions of classroom climate and environment suggest that the SETC should not be used for an overall picture of the classroom or for teacher evaluation but only for students' perceptions. (MF)