The course of psychosocial adjustment to cancer was examined in 105 adults with cancer of the lung, breast and skin. Half of the patients received a program of systematic psychosocial rehabilitation plus evaluation, and the other half received only an evaluation, consisting of a series of psychometric instruments and a problem-oriented structured…

This study examines the relationship among the variables of maternal attitudes toward child care, maternal anxiety, infant temperament, length of gestation and sex for a sample of black mothers of premature and full-term infants. Ninety percent of the mothers were unmarried and 81 percent of the pregnancies were reported to be unplanned. Contrary…

The forty minute Remote Associates Test (RAT) is designed to measure individual differences in an ability considered to be fundamental to the creative thinking process. It is based on a strictly associative interpretation of this process, an interpretation which envisions the process as one of seeing relationships between seemingly mutually remote…

The two-phase study compared two methods of adapting self-instructional materials to individual differences among learners. The methods were compared with each other and with a control condition involving only minimal adaptation. The first adaptation procedure was based on subjects' performances on a learning task in Phase I of the study; the…

This comprehensive paper proposing the use of evolutionary theory as a basis for studies in developmental psychology includes these specific sections: (1) Developmental Theories--a brief overview, (2) Individual Differences, (3) Culture and Inbreeding, (4) Sexual Dimorphism, (5) Critical Periods in the Development of Attachments, (6) Continuity…

The research described is based on videotapes of 40 toddlers interacting with peers during 10 small playgroup sessions spaced throughout the children's second year of life. The paper outlines the development of an observational system for studying the development of peer relations in toddlers, considers the behavioral forms which characterize peer…

This paper discusses discourse comprehension with respect to individual differences. First, some general principles of discourse structure and the processing of discourse are presented. These principles emphasize the role of sentence and thematic structure. Second, possible sources of individual differences in discourse processing are discussed.…

This report collects together three presentations given by the author at scientific and professional meetings during the Spring of 1977. The first discusses present views of the variety and complexity of individual differences among human beings in the context of current research on cognitive processing in learning and instruction. The second…

The use of performance objectives in vocational agriculture is put into perspective with two assumptions. First, in formulating performance objectives, the teacher must consider the program objectives, the characteristics of the students, and the teaching resources of the community. Second, the diversity of interests, abilities, and other…

Recent trends in college admissions are discussed in terms of their influence test validation procedures. In particular, the effects of new college admission practices are considered with respect to the problem of validating placement tests. Traditional test validation techniques are reviewed and compared to the needs specific to placement tests;…

A formative review of the Interim Version of the "Social Conflict and Negotiative Problem Solving" system, conducted November 19-21, 1975 in Portland, Oregon is presented. The purposes of the review were to obtain expert opinion on the quality of the system's theoretical base and training materials, and to secure recommendations…

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect post-adjunct questions exert on: learning from oral and written instruction, learning by high and low ability readers, and learning material which requires different levels of intellectual processing. No significant main effects occurred between question and no-question groups. Post-adjunct…

Project PLAN (Program for Learning in Accordance with Needs) is an ungraded, computer supported, learner oriented, individualized program of education for elementary and secondary levels. This paper reviews and describes the development and improvement of the individualization procedures over a period of four years of operation of the program.…

This project is based on the premise that a low self-concept can handicap a child's academic and social achievement to such a degree that a pattern of failure, frustration and "school dropout" is evidenced. The project design included the development of a 12-month program in three phases: (1) summer session, during which relationships…

An interactional view of the factors of school success or failure is presented which encompasses the student's strengths, weaknesses, and limitations on the one hand and specific classroom situational factors on the other. The child's success in the classroom is seen as dependent upon the congruity of his characteristics and the characteristics of…