Guided by the onion model theory of language policy, this study aims to investigate the multi-level implementation of the English Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education (2022 Edition) in China. Data were collected from both macro and micro-level policy texts, along with interviews with English teachers in five middle schools. One school was…

The latest developments in artificial intelligence (AI) have paved the way for new AI-integrated pedagogical skills and competencies in language teaching. AI literacy and AI competency are related terms; however, they differ in educational contexts. AI literacy refers to the skills to understand and evaluate AI technologies, as well as to engage…

This study explores Chinese EFL university teachers' beliefs regarding the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into language education, drawing on the Expectancy-Value-Cost (EVC) theory. A total of 298 valid responses were collected via an online questionnaire, and Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was employed to identify distinct belief…

This study investigated the effectiveness of artificial intelligence- (AI) powered speaking practice tools in improving English proficiency and engagement among Vietnamese university students using a 16-week quasi-experimental design with 240 participants across four diverse higher education institutions. Multi-level modelling revealed…

Studies on the discourse of neoliberalism in English language textbooks (ELT) concur that neoliberalism originated from the west: thus, its values are imported into the rest of the world through the textbooks produced by western global ELT producers. Instead, the current study shows that neoliberalism is not necessarily an entirely foreign concept…

Despite the acknowledged effectiveness of translanguaging as scaffolding in language education, research on how specific scaffolding strategies are integrated into pedagogical translanguaging in English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) classrooms remains limited. This article bridges this gap by uncovering how scaffolding strategies are manifested…

Global Englishes language teaching (GELT) promotes, among other things, positive attitudes and maximized understanding to communicate with speakers with a variety of accents. However, research on GELT-informed listening training is rare, and none has addressed both attitudes and understanding of diverse accents. We therefore implemented an…

In computer-assisted language learning (CALL), a variety of studies have explored the use of Virtual Exchange (VE) for shaping learners' cultural competence from the perspective of sociolinguistics. However, few studies have examined learners' psycholinguistic factors in this context. Since based on the dynamic complex system, students'…

The growing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools into English as a foreign language (EFL) instruction presents new opportunities for fostering students' self-regulated learning (SRL) and task engagement (TE). While prior research has shown that AI-assisted environments can enhance metacognitive monitoring and learning motivation,…

This article describes a simple method to teach pitch, a feature common to both word stress and intonation. The technique can be used by native and nonnative English-speaking teachers and is applicable to students of different levels and language backgrounds. Pronounced as /m/, "mmm" is a sound that should be easy for speakers of any…

The current study is a scale development one that investigates the determinants of PU in the context of using gamified learning tools for classroom-based English-as-a-second-language (ESL) teaching. Gamified learning tools (GLTs) refer to educational websites, software, or mobile apps that employ game design elements to improve learning engagement…

Background: Especially over the last decades, the use of cinema in the English as a foreign language (EFL) class has been gaining momentum. Although this interest has resulted in a complex body of research, no review to date had aimed to systematically map out (i) the pedagogical guidelines available for English teachers to implement films in…

This quasi-experimental study compares text-centered dialogs between two groups of intermediate second language (L2) French learners: traditional face-to-face (FTF) discussion groups; and groups who annotated and discussed texts through the digital social annotated reading (DSAR) platform, "Hypothes.is." All participants read the same…

Teacher belief plays an important role in cultivating critical thinking (CT) in foreign language education, but it is unclear whether novice and experienced teachers' beliefs about cultivating CT in foreign language education is different. Considering the importance of teaching experience in shaping teacher belief, 86 novice and 100 experienced…

Research on language teacher identity has grown exponentially over the last two decades. By researching language teacher identity, we develop a better understanding of how sociological issues generally impact teachers' lives. For non-native language teachers, in particular, challenges tend to originate from language ideologies around…