Schools in difficult and challenging circumstances have received increasing policy and to some extent research attention in recent years. Improving schools in these circumstances is likely to prove a difficult process. This literature review has attempted to collect research on improving schools in these areas. Themes emerging from the literature…

This paper explores and questions some of the evidence used to support early childhood interventions in the UK, and reports on discussions with three rural Mini Sure Start project leaders in Devon. Sure Start funding in the UK has been repeatedly increased to provide more centres for 0-3-year-olds and their parents. It is increasingly linked to…

Discusses some of the major stances taken in the debate on linguistic deprivation. Among those discussed are the socialization of linguistic codes, deficit and social-political-economic power theories, school bias explanation, and the difference hypothesis. [Available from Publications Branch, Education Department of Victoria, 234 Queensberry…

Differences in classroom behavior and adjustment between two groups of low-income, black children were investigated in a continuing study, as subjects approached their eighth birthday. Eight experimental and nine control subjects, who had been differentially exposed to postpartum contact with their mothers and who differed in maternal language…

Parent participation in the education of their disadvantaged children at Buffalo (New York) Public School 37 resulted in the development of an effective reading program. Desired competencies were delineated; carefully paced and sequenced teaching plans were prepared; and criterion referenced tests were used to measure the levels of mastery of each…

A Non-fiction short story .

IT IS PROPOSED THAT MENTAL RETARDATION IS NOT NECESSARILY CAUSED BY A GENETIC FACTOR OR BY BRAIN INJURY, BUT MAY BE CAUSED BY THE CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH CHILDREN ARE RAISED. WHEN CHILDREN ARE LEFT IN PSYCHOSOCIALLY DEPRIVED HOMES, THEIR RATE OF DEVELOPMENT WILL TEND TO DECLINE. IF, AT AN EARLY AGE, THEY ARE PLACED IN A SCHOOL FOR A FEW…

THE FOCUS IS ON PERSONALITY TRAITS OF YOUNG CHILDREN WHO ACHIEVE IN SCHOOL DESPITE ENVIRONMENTAL HANDICAPS. THE SUBJECTS WERE TEN "GOOD" AND TEN "POOR" ACHIEVERS FROM THE FOURTH GRADE IN A SCHOOL LOCATED IN A SEVERELY DEPRESSED URBAN AREA. THE CHILDREN WERE CHOSEN ON THE BASIS OF ACHIEVEMENT SCORES AND TEACHER RECOMMENDATIONS.…

THE DEFINITION OF "CULTURALLY ALIENATED" INCLUDED THOSE PEOPLE WHO WERE THE MORE RECENT IMMIGRANTS TO THE LARGE URBAN CENTERS, SPECIFICALLY REFERRED TO WERE THE AMERICAN NEGRO, THE PUERTO RICAN, THE MEXICAN AND THE SOUTHERN WHITE. THESE PEOPLE WERE LOWEST IN EMPLOYMENT INCOME, FORMAL EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT, THEY WERE ALSO LOWEST IN…

RELATIVELY SUCCESSFUL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PUPILS FROM LOW INCOME HOUSEHOLDS IN DEPRESSED NEIGHBORHOODS OF THE URBAN NORTH WERE COMPARED WITH RELATIVELY AVERAGE AND FAILING PUPILS FROM IDENTICAL SETTINGS. NO ATTEMPT WAS MADE TO ILLUMINATE THE INTERPLAY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL, FAMILIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIOLOGICAL, AND ECONOMIC FACTORS IN THE EDUCATION OF…

SEVENTY-FIVE BOOKS, ARTICLES, AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES PUBLISHED BETWEEN 1960 AND 1967 ARE LISTED IN THIS PRELIMINARY BIBLIOGRAPHY DEALING WITH CHARACTERISTICS AND LEARNING PROBLEMS OF THE DISADVANTAGED. PARTICULAR EMPHASIS IS GIVEN TO THE PREPARATION OF TEACHERS FOR THE RURAL DISADVANTAGED. (DRK)

The purpose of this institute, attended by librarians, trustees, library school faculty and students, and representatives from Headstart and other programs, was to describe the environment of the disadvantaged, to define the role of the public library in serving the various elements within this group, and to identify feasible services to fulfill…