Seeks to understand effects of recent reductions of federal support for education by recalling both the original grounds for providing federal aid and the modes by which such funds are distributed and used. Suggests features of federal support and draws attention to possible consequences of its reduction. (BRR)

Argues that the U.S. record on desegregation since the "Brown" decision is disappointing and that the courts should have concentrated on improving the quality of Black education and Blacks' access to decision making. Suggests that integration, in a society committed to White dominance, will never ensure equal educational opportunity.…

Children 7 through 11 years of age were interviewed to determine their career preferences, the degree to which they perceive occupations as limited to one sex exclusively, and their perceptions of their parents' power distribution. Information was also collected on parents' jobs. Data were analyzed using sex typing of preferred career as the…

Ideally, a college board of trustees is the final authority that also delegates almost every function. However, the specific things the board does are related to how it was formed and what it was created to do. Some traditions and expectations are outlined. (Author/MSE)

The literature suggests collaborative planning is purely egalitarian, but this article identifies a form called "dialectical collaboration" providing situationally determined variations in the locus of control. One district's experience planning an administrators' inservice program illustrates dialectical collaboration. The authors urge…

To clarify "power" and "authority," the authors review the concepts' history, examine contemporary concepts of social control, identify four authority modes (based on social relations and controls), derive four power resources from these modes, discuss persuasion and exchange as social control mechanisms, and demarcate…

Describes research on the influence of sex, grade level, religiosity, and birth order on adolescents' perceptions of their parents' power/authority on such dimensions as control of economic resources, decision-making, and rewards/punishments; guidance; right to exercise power; and knowledge/competence in adolescent heterosexual relationships and…

Uses a laboratory experiment involving role-playing groups to show that an assigned majority rule is likely to lead to higher-quality solutions than unanimity and no-decision rule. Results indicated under majority rule workers resistance to the foreman's power often resulted in a successful search for a better solution. (JAC)

Urges community college leaders to adopt a dialectical approach to the analysis of the impact of community colleges on the lives of individuals and the structure of society. Suggests research into changes in political and social attitudes of faculty and reviews Gouldner's post-Marxist analysis of class structure and struggle. (DMM)

Compares two methods of measuring bureaucratic structure, Hall's organizational inventory and the University of Aston (England) approach, and tests them using data from 55 public high schools in New Jersey. Factor analysis reveals four underlying dimensions of school structure, including organizational control, rational specialization, system…

The ways in which academic departments and professional associations limit academic freedom are examined. Obstacles to academic freedom can begin with the appointment process, and include peer review, departmental coherence, preaccepted constraints of academic employment, posttenure security, and specialization. (MSE)

Governance involving participation of a broad constituency including faculty, staff, and administrators is recommended for graduate dental education. The role of external influences such as government, professional agencies, consumer organizations, and regulatory bodies is discussed. The government role is expected to increase. (MSE)

Evaluation occurs within existing programs and power arrangements of complex organizations. It may develop as a licensed concession within a program or as an expression of a concession made to the ideal of rational decision making. The formation of professional career paths in evaluation may lead to career immobility. (Author/MH)

The one-parent household forgoes the hierarchy usually maintained in a two-parent household. Thus, children of single parents are given more responsibility, often have closer relationships with their parents than children in two-parent homes, and tend to mature more rapidly. (Author/GC)

Involving women in institutional decision making does not necessarily create an environment in which women's issues are taken seriously. It may be that, as at Princeton, full professional acceptance of women by male colleagues comes only with distinguished scholarship, creativity, and productivity. (MSE)