This paper describes the organization, Artists Call, as well as several slides shown during the presentation to illustrate "visual solidarity" between artists of the United States and Central America. In 1983, artists in 27 U.S. cities as well as Paris and Mexico City organized Artists Call against U.S. Intervention in Central America.…

The views of the Chairman of the U.S. Senate Commerce Committee on freedom of electronic information are contained in this speech transcript. The speech opens with a warning that government regulation of the electronic media is expanding and extending in a dangerous way, posing the possibility that one day this regulation will be extended to the…

History shows that the high school press suffers through cycles that reflect economic factors and cultural climates within communities, states, and the nation. The direction of that cycle in the 1960s and early 1970s was toward more open, free-flowing information by a vigorous student press, but those economic and cultural signs now are pointing…

Intended for teachers, this focused journal issue contains separate rationales for teaching books that have been challenged as appropriate instructional materials. Following a discussion of the purpose for rationales and suggestions for using them, the journal presents rationales for teaching the following books: "To Kill a Mockingbird,""The Diary…

In considering the purposes of the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), it is essential to keep in mind that the Act is not, and never could be, a statute with the singleminded purpose of disclosing government information. Many kinds of information that the government has in its possession must be kept confidential to protect important public…

Gary Howells offers us a challenge: are we sure that we are teaching the study of interpretations correctly? It is much criticised at GCSE, but do we really engage our students in the process of writing history, and in understanding how history works, from 11-14? Or do we use reductive techniques which, as at GCSE, result only in our students…

In recent years the academic community has become keenly aware and seriously concerned by substantial increases in government legislation and regulations that infringe on the independent operation of institutions of higher education. Examples of government influence include civil rights legislation and compliance, which require collection of data…

This study discusses the extent to which the First Amendment rights of freedom of speech and expression apply to teachers in the public schools. A historical perspective of the First Amendment rights of educators is provided; techniques of standard legal research were used to establish the primary sources of law. Investigation, which focuses on…

This article is based on a speech to the Assembly of the World Confederation of Organizations of the Teaching Profession (17th, Dublin, Ireland, July 23, 1968).

Although extending constitutional protection to commercial expression might benefit the consumer, the First Amendment is the wrong instrument for carrying out what are basically economic policies. While in most First Amendment cases the nature of the content determines whether it is constitutionally protected, advertising is distinct in that it…

In response to recent court decisions limiting reporters' rights to confidentiality, this paper considers whether a shield law would increase or decrease the flow of information desired in the investigation of a crime and what constitutes the public's right to know. It argues that since many reporters obtain stories by relying on the…

In the 1978 "FCC v. Pacifica Foundation" ruling, the United States Supreme Court considered the authority of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to regulate indecent radio programing, finding that the public has a constitutionally protected interest in being protected against objectionable programing. The FCC suit, arising out of…

A survey was conducted of 260 high school principals in 48 states concerning their knowledge of communication law as it related to freedom of the press under the First Amendment of the United States Constitution. The survey instrument contained information concerning nine composite court cases, and respondents were asked to indicate for each case…

A number of court cases are being decided and laws are being passed that have an impact upon the First Amendment rights of children in the United States. In addition, groups such as the national Parent Teachers Association, Action for Children's Television, the Council on Dental Health, and the American Public Health Association are lobbying for…