Noting that throughout U.S. history most viewpoints not expressed in the mainstream press have found an outlet among alternative publications, this paper presents a profile of the 19th century peace advocacy press. The paper also notes that most studies of peace history have been produced by scholars of diplomatic, military, and political history,…

Designed to help Journalism Education Association members and their students plan observances and involve the local media, this packet of information offers suggestions for celebrating Scholastic Journalism Week. The packet of information is designed to raise awareness of student publications in schools; promote First Amendment rights of high…

The five speeches in this collection all address issues concerned with freedom and responsibility in American education, especially higher education. The first speech, "Freedom, Coercion, and Authority" is by Robert N. Bellah. Bellah argues that freedom must be balanced not only by responsibility but by authority, and urges universities not to…

Citing statistics that show that its citizens are well catered for by the mass media, this paper answers questions concerning the media landscape in the Federal Republic of Germany. The paper discusses: (1) Structure and framework conditions of the German media (a historical review of the mass media since 1945); (2) Press (including its particular…

Established in May 1987 by the Oregon State Library to serve as a central clearinghouse for the collection of reports about challenges against library materials, the Oregon Intellectual Freedom Clearinghouse received a total of 17 formal challenges against library materials during its first year of operation. Of these, 10 challenges were received…

Intended to generate discussion and motivate proactive intervention in matters of information security, this paper defines and discusses some of the key issues relating to information security on college and university campuses based on in-depth interviews conducted at eight selected higher education institutions of varying size and composition in…

This report documenting the speeches and recommendations made during a conference on library and information services begins with three presentations: (1) "Preparing for Partnerships: Libraries and Educational Reform in Tennessee" (Secretary of State Bryant Millsaps); (2) "The Tennessee Governor's Conference on Library and…

The purpose of this article is to examine the origins of the current state of regulation of sexually explicit materials and to suggest one plausible and practicable solution which should find its way into law. (Author)

This report updates a 1979 article from the Bay State Librarian about censorship in Massachusetts libraries from 1966 through 1975. Compiled using data from the American Library Association's Office of Intellectual Freedom (OIF), the report provides information about censorship attempts and actions between 1976 and 1982. The definition of…

For the purposes of this digest, productivity is defined as ways in which library and information services can assist agencies, industries, and individuals in producing goods and services effectively and profitably. Two fundamental issues that affect productivity are access and control; two major strategies for improving productivity are…

This booklet was written to help school officials understand the law concerning public forums and voluntary religious activities in public schools. Compliance dilemmas arising from the First Amendment establishment of religion clause and the accompanying free speech and free expression clauses, along with 14th Amendment equal protection…

An increase in foreign student enrollment and subsequent questioning of traditional concepts of western rhetorical practice, particularly freedom of speech, resulted in an evaluation of current teaching practices in South Dakota State University's basic speech communication course. In a summer session course, 36 international students responded to…

The principles, values, and issues of our constitutional heritage that should be emphasized in citizenship education are based on the concepts of liberty and power. The Constitution is not a sacred icon formulated by immortals, but rather a changing and controversial framework guided by a diverse group of practical politicians, sensitive to their…

"Glasnost" or openness, to many Western observers, is a sign of democratization and a loosening of central control in almost all aspects of Soviet life. However, an analysis of excerpts from "Pravda" shows no evidence of any breaks with Leninist theory or revision in the roles of the government and masses and instead suggests…

Documentation of the spread of censorship is extensive, and although challenges to films and videocassettes have not figured prominently in the literature, in the future there may be more emphasis on these media than on print material. On the state level, increasing censorship of films and videocassettes has occurred in North Carolina, California,…