A study was conducted to discover differences in foreign affairs news coverage in newspapers from countries with differing concepts of the role of the press. The study used data gathered in a content analysis of newspapers from 16 countries and the findings of an independent assessment of the relative freedom of press systems in those countries.…

Recent research demonstrates that one in five school districts is under pressure to purge objectionable books from its libraries and classrooms. This paper briefly summarizes literature and court decisions dealing with censorship in the schools and describes a study of censorship in Illinois schools. In the study, a 68-item questionnaire asked 200…

The Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, a political campaign reform measure, was enacted to limit campaign contributions and independent expenditures, to mandate disclosure of contributors, and to establish public financing of campaigns, all to minimize the opportunity for political corruption. Unfortunate implications of such reform on the…

A review of the related cases that have been adjudicated in the United States Circuit Courts of Appeals in the decade since "Ginsberg v. New York" and "Tinker v. Des Moines Independent School District" reveals that the courts are not in agreement in delineating the First Amendment publication rights of high school students.…

The recent rise in political terrorism has brought to light the conflict between the government's duty to maintain order and the subsequent suspension of the news media's right to report the terrorists' activities to the public. Terrorists recognize that the surest guarantee of publicity for their cause lies in a shocking appeal to traditional…

Using ethnographic methods, including participant observation and interviews, the researcher intended to study the network of relations among professional staffs of two comprehensive secondary schools in order to hypothesize about the effects of those networks on the curriculum. Neither school had a fixed four-year curriculum and both stressed…

China and Russia generally adhere to the Leninist concept of the press as being integral to society and therefore subject to regulation. They both also contend with the Communist paradox: the press exists to criticize the system of which it is a part. They reconcile this paradox by directing criticism toward the erring individual rather than…

This is one of several papers presented at a Federal Trade Commission Symposium on Media Concentration. It provides a base for policy research on the economics of book publishing. The structure of the book production and distribution industry is described and some economic properties that distinguish it are identified. Aggregate industry trends…

Out of 200 newspaper editors randomly selected from a directory, 64 responded to a questionnaire eliciting their opinions on the subject materials most often censored by groups in the United States. The editors' responses were compared to those of 121 freshmen at Cameron University (Oklahoma). A majority of the editors supported the First…

Negative attitudes concerning university involvement in activities considered as controversial are hampering the effectiveness of and endangering the university's administration of its internal affairs. Governors, state legislators, local politicians, alumni, and parents form some of the groups that provide financial support, often influence…

This petition, submitted to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), proposes an "adequate access policy" that would enable broadcasters to comply with the FCC's Fairness Doctrine. Following this policy, broadcasters would provide individuals with free public access time in the form of "free-speech messages"--one-minute,…

Senator Robert LaFollette's speech to the United States Senate on "Free Speech and the Right of Congress to Declare the Objects of War," given October 6, 1917, epitomized his opposition to the war and the Wilson administration's largely successful moves to suppress public criticism of the war. In the speech he asserted his position on…

Although Hannah Watson had had little printing training prior to her husband's unexpected death, she assumed his job as publisher of the "Connecticut Courant" newspaper, a vehement advocate of the patriot cause, for 16 months during the Revolutionary War. In spite of problems such as wartime printing shortages, the burning and…

The Alternative School Network was established in 1973 as a coordinating structure to unite, for their mutual benefit, the diverse Chicago area alternative schools. The first section of this report summarizes the historical background of the Chicago alternative schools and discusses the organizational structures, students, teachers, funding,…

This paper examines several United States Supreme Court decisions to evaluate the Court's stance on an individual's right to privacy when that right conflicts with the press right to freedom of expression. Particular attention is paid to the Court's "Rosenbloom" and "Gertz" decisions. The paper concludes that the Supreme Court is trying to…