If individuals react to realities in the environment in accord with societal norms, instructional strategies in writing must be devised with the learner in mind. Teachers of writing must be interested in the social realities surrounding their students as well as the level of intuitive development attained by them. Opportunities should be provided…

This presentation discusses the question, "What makes a parent program effective?" by reviewing some of the author's professional experiences within a framework of a planning model borrowed from Lillie and Maslow. The planning model consists of four components: information, interaction, involvement, and insight. The four components may be present…

This report is a review of current literature on the relation of aptitudes to learning outcomes under different instructional methods or conditions. Included are: (1) aptitude-instructional treatment interaction studies; (2) notes on new methodological problems; (3) and studies of individual differences in laboratory learning arrangements.…

Two perspectives of descriptive research are discussed: first-order, which describes the world as it is; and second-order, which describes the world as people experience it. The latter perspective is known as experiential description. Research in a variety of disciplines, notably the work of Darwin, Werner, and Piaget, has provided experiential…

Refinements of work with calculator algorithms previously conducted by the author are reported. Work with "chaining" and the doing/undoing property in addition and subtraction was tested with 24 third-grade students. Results indicated the need for further instruction with both ideas. Students were able to manipulate the calculator keyboard, but…

The purposes of this experiment were: (1) to examine the development of categorical representations by comparing the performance of children of various ages to adults, and (2) to compare the internal representations of basic level and superordinate categories. Subjects were 48 children (in second, fourth and sixth grades) and 16 adults. The…

The primary purpose of these guidelines is to provide teachers and other decision-makers with a suggested framework within which sound planning for metric education can be done. Student behavioral objectives are listed by topic. Each objective is coded to indicate grade level, topic, and objective number. A chart is provided to show a kindergarten…

INVESTIGATED WERE THE LEVELS OF UNDERSTANDING OF SELECTED CONCEPTS CONCERNING THE PARTICLE NATURE OF MATTER AND THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE STUDENTS' MATURITY AND CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING. THE STUDENTS SAMPLED WERE OF HIGH AND AVERAGE IQ, AND IN GRADES 2-5. ALL GROUPS RECEIVED COMPARABLE INSTRUCTION. USED WERE ALTERNATE RESPONSE TAXONOMY-TYPE…

Investigated were concepts of conservation (number and length), cardination, one-to-one correspondence, and counting ability, and the role of these concepts in learning first-grade mathematics. A Piagetian-type number concept test was developed and administered at the end of the school year to a sample of 38 entering first-grade students selected…

TO MEASURE THE MEANING ASSIGNED BY LOCAL SCHOOL PERSONNEL TO NEW PROGRAM PLANNING CONCEPTS IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, DIFFERENCES WERE DETERMINED BETWEEN (1) A NEW AND A COMPARABLE TRADITIONAL CONCEPT, (2) THE CLUSTER OF NEW CONCEPTS AND THE CLUSTER OF TRADITIONAL CONCEPTS, AND (3) THE CLUSTER OF NEW CONCEPTS AND A CLUSTER OF CONCEPTS ON…

REPORTED IS A STUDY CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE THE RELATIVE LEVELS OF UNDERSTANDING OF CERTAIN FORCE CONCEPTS ACHIEVED BY PUPILS IN GRADES 2-6. EVALUATIONS WERE MADE BY MEANS OF PENCIL-AND-PAPER MULTIPLE-CHOICE TYPE TESTS, ONE FOR EACH LEVEL OF UNDERSTANDING--(1) KNOWLEDGE, (2) COMPREHENSION, AND (3) APPLICATION. SUB-PROBLEMS OF THE STUDY WERE (1) TO…

The methodology used in the study of communication concepts by the adult educator in agriculture is explained, in order to develop more effective training programs and materials. Four stages were delineated to clarify procedural aspects of the study: (1) determination of anticipated behavioral requirements for future competence in communication of…

This research furthers our understanding of the relationship between an organismic factor, "cognitive style," and performance on concept learning and information processing tasks. These results, obtained from students in grades six, eight, and 10, indicate that not only do "high analytical" type students perform better on this…

Principles of concept formation extracted from an extensive review of theoretical and empirical work in psychology, and their relationship to home economics are presented. The present attempts of home economics educators to identify the basic concepts of the field and organize curriculums around them are potentially fruitful, both for students and…

This study examined the ability of preschool children to process and use conceptual category information in a disrcimination learning task. A total of 60 boys and girls between the ages of 2 1/2 and 4 years completed a 3-choice discrimination learning task. On each of 12 trials, a child was presented with three magazine photographs: one of an…