The present paper aims at a cross-validation of two theoretical constructs (the construct of cognitive preferences and the logical/associative model of a concept) that have been used as nonroutine measures of student assessment and curriculum evaluation. (BW)

Two experiments tested the assertion that development of quantitative knowledge follows a U-shaped course with an early stage of conservation based on functional significance. Tested three age groups of children from three to six years. Results suggest the assertion is unwarranted and reveal that performance in younger children is best interpreted…

Investigates the organization of searching by 21- and 27-month-old children who were required to remember where a toy had been hidden. Initial search behavior on "surprise" trials was less persistent than behavior on error trials. Subsequent search behavior on "surprise" trials was selective and intelligent for older children.…

Details the history of the concept of entropy and its application to information theory. Considers practical applications of the entropy concept in business communication courses. (PD)

This article presents a practical model for a biology classroom discussion on evidence and inference, and on changes that have taken place in accepted ideas of what constitutes reliable evidence. (EB)

Lack of awareness of the concept-scale interaction problem frequently causes misuse of the semantic differential technique by educational researchers. Evidence is presented to demonstrate the interaction, and a simple method of mitigating the problem is suggested. (Author/AV)

Rawls' arguments in defence of his claim to derive principles of morality and justice from his hypothetical "original position" are critically examined and found to be unconvincing. (Editor)

Adults and children judged mirror and nonmirror pairs of stimuli. The findings in this research suggested a nonperceptual explanation of mirror-image confusions, one involving conceptual and linguistic considerations. (Editor/RK)

Considers a particular environmental movement, the "clean up the environment" movement and one specific argument, the "eyesore argument" which has been given in support of this movement. Brings out the argument's full strength by discussing a line of attack against the argument and some alternatives for countering this attack. (Author/RK)

Author outlined Kohlberg's theory of moral development and then attempted to show how it illuminated several areas of philosophic interest. The first of these is the claims of behavior modification psychologists, the second is the concept of authority in social theory, the third is the concept of legal obligation. (Author/RK)

This chapter presents a yearlong teaching experiment involving a 4th grade class in a New Jersey school that focused on fractions. The 25 children worked in pairs or in small groups, then came together as a whole class for sharing in larger discussions. The development of children's thinking is explored through analyzing videotapes of class…

A cross-sectional study of 132 Australian rural children from grades K-6 assessed children's understanding of the number system. Task-based interview data exhibited lack of understanding of the base ten system, with little progress made during Grades 5 and 6. Few Grade 6 children used holistic strategies or generalised the structure of the number…

This book presents the vision of a kindergarten classroom that nurtures the growth of all students' mathematical understanding. It also provides specific guidelines for creating such an exciting classroom including how to establish a thoughtful classroom environment, how to make plans for teaching and learning mathematics, how to choose…

The question of whether or not art can be distinguished from all that is called visual culture has become central to art theoretical discussion over recent decades. This collection of essays and responses addresses this question with the specific aim of making sense of an epistemology of art, with the assumption that nothing less than a persuasive…

The popular conception of illegal drug use as inevitably pushing users toward compulsive drug abuse, and the ideological stance that drug use is a moral weakness, are offered by many as justification for punitive drug control. Challenging this view are the research on "set and setting" as determinants of the consequences of drug use, and…