Critiques an elementary social studies program by analyzing commercially available curriculum materials. Discusses goals, content selection, organization and sequencing, and explication in the text. Suggests that publishers should (1) shift from content coverage objectives to more general social education purposes; (2) connect information in…

Describes the attempts of one school district to extend the "grand conversation" (engaging in mutual discussion of ideas) of literature study groups to students with reading difficulties. Suggests that the program successfully provided at-risk students with opportunities to read and discuss quality children's literature. (RS)

Presents a class activity on the demise of the Hellenic period and the factors responsible for the domination of Greece by Macedonia. Asks students to decide whether the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars were justified. Focuses on the role of Demosthenes and his championing of Greek liberty. (RW)

Reflective questioning creates opportunities for individuals to reflect aloud, be heard by one or more colleagues, and be prompted to expand and extend thinking through follow-up questions. The article examines the origin of reflective questioning, explains how to develop reflective questioning skills, and discusses outcomes associated with…

Describes Critical Dialogues, an instructional approach based on the background knowledge and experiences of at-risk middle school students. Critical Dialogues can be used to help teach students the interactive processes vital to learning. Students grasp the importance of using their own knowledge to interpret situations, make decisions, and solve…

Studies the effectiveness of discussion techniques (in particular a course component called an "expert panel") on students' comfort with learning and the development of skills needed to learn in a large introductory lecture class in mass communication. (SR)

Describes a theoretical framework of distributed representations to explore the representational properties in group problem solving. The experiment shows that different distributed representations across two individuals produced dramatically different group problem-solving behaviors; and two minds could be better than one mind, depending on how…

Discusses why many nonnative-English-speaking students have difficulty participating in academic group discussions and explores culturally based perceptions of silence and reticence and the nature of group discussion. Pedagogical directions are offered that course planners, academic advisors, and language teachers can follow to help students to…

Proposes a strategy for using technology in preparing students for democratic citizenship by using it to reallocate limited classroom time. Argues that the strategy also multiplies students' opportunities to participate in thoughtful activities and discussion, to gain exposure to the views of peers, and to challenge and defend their ideas. (DSK)

A second-grade teacher conducted a study aimed at raising students' abilities to use certain strategies (predicting, questioning, and connecting to text) and at increasing their enthusiasm for reading via literature circles (book discussion groups). Test and rubric results, survey responses, and interview comments affirm literature circles' value.…

Explores numerous procedures to evaluate a pupil's reading achievement. Discusses different evaluation methods including criterion-referenced tests; contextualism in reading; discussions in the reading curriculum; conferences with pupils; and using portfolios. Concludes that the best objectives, learning opportunities, appraisal procedures, and an…

Focuses on the relations that could exist between the degree to which a referent is open to discussion, and the production of elaborated argumentative discourse as a function of age. Finds that topics with a clear, socially-defined "correct" position elicited fewer and less nuanced arguments than topics without strong social constraints.…

Many current criticisms of literature-based curriculum revolve around the use of balance in literacy instruction. This paper challenges these criticisms by sharing a personal history and proposing a curricular framework that provides an alternative view of balance, particularly in relation to the role of guided reading and literature discussion…

Describes how an inquiry-based science project on the life cycle of butterflies provided a developmentally appropriate learning experience in a first and second grade multiage classroom. Maintains that the critical exchange of ideas among students made students' thinking available for inspection, and allowed students to use their talk as a tool…

Offers eight short essays written by English teachers recommending nonfiction books that they use successfully in their high-school classrooms to grab students' interest, to provoke lively discussions, and to offer refreshing models for student writing. (SR)