Four models of public education conflicted during the first half of the 19th century; paternalistic and corporate voluntarism, democratic localism, and incipient bureaucracy. The models and underlying value conflicts are analyzed, revealing a growing role for schools--mediating between social change and social structure. (Author/DB)

A new model for inheritance in intergenerational mobility is developed and related to mover-stayer models of intragenerational mobility. Application is made to data for the United STates, Britain, and Denmark. Predictions are required to match observed proportions of men remaining in their origin strata and also the observed distribution of men…

Study supported by a grant from the U.S. Office of Education.

Five chapters in the "Annual Review of Psychology" are summarized to describe the development of the new research specialty--instructional psychology. It is concluded that the cognitive structure of the field is converging rather than diverging and is more conforming than radical. (EAO)

Governance is described as an inherent, instinctive impulse to make society an orderly, coherent organism. It helps cope with the perils of the physical world, the conflicts within the human world, and the internal anguish of man himself. (MLW)

The history of government intervention in Canada's economy from the nineteenth century through the Depression and the two world wars can be divided into two periods. Approaches to analysis of business-government relations focus on cultural and ideological origins of interventionist policies or emphasize structural and political factors. (KC)

In-depth unstructured interviews and participant observation of 43 adults showed that illiterates create reciprocal networks to which they contribute a range of skills. Illiterate adults demonstrate varying abilities to decode the social world and take action; that is, illiteracy does not imply dependence. (SK)

The authors review existing research which links three sets of variables: (1) organizational characteristics, (2) how efficacy operates within the individual, and (3) the individual and organizational effects with which efficacy has been empirically connected. Efficacy is defined in terms of the individual's expectancy of gaining valued outcomes…

The naturalistic perspective is concerned with the "micro" world of the school and classroom interaction and neglects the material determination of the phenomenological world. Advances in understanding the social world are more likely to occur if social research adopts the methodological apparatus of scientific Marxism. (JN)

A study examined the effects of the student teaching experience on the pupil control ideologies of student teachers and attempted to assess the contributions of biography and social structure. Results indicated that cooperating teachers exerted little influence, but that biography and social structure played an important role in the socialization…