Describes procedure whereby counselors, as part of their conceptualization for case conferences or supervision, develop metaphors and then make them concrete by constructing drawings or collages which are used as the basis for case discussions with other counselors. (Author/NB)

Discusses case presentation approach as mechanism for improving case conceptualization skills. Describes case presentation as dealing with three conceptualization tasks: (1) identifying and differentiating how observations and inferences provide evidence for clinical judgments; (2) describing components of counseling relationship; and (3)…

Argues that myth and ideology, as belief systems and modes of argumentative discourse, are structurally different but functionally similar. States the importance of distinguishing between the two and discusses the importance of analyzing them as they are used in systems of political argument. (GEA)

This study details the establishment of a teacher/learner laboratory at Monash University in Australia and the information it yielded about the learning and teaching of mathematics. Both instructors and learners understood they were cooperating to help develop an understanding of difficulties in learning and teaching strategies and ways to reduce…

Addresses the mind/brain relationship in terms of scientific theory based on philosophical inquiry. Examines each of the proposed theories about mind/brain relationship--such as identity, dualism, interactionism, materialism, physicalism, and mentalism--not only in terms of logic, but also in terms of the database to which the theories refer. (PS)

Examines the process whereby present-day meanings enter into judgments about the history of educational change. Argues that presentism is an unavoidable and perhaps a necessary condition for the study and teaching of history. Considers the foundations of presentism, the presentist implications of concept development, and educational implications.…

Examined whether representational changes in digit memory are functions of children's expertise in mental abacus operation when abacus operators reproduced series of digits forward or backward. Found skilled operators equally facile with forward and backward reproduction, but novices slower going backward. Suggests advanced operators apply their…

Findings obtained from 90 first- through fifth-grade children indicate that children grasp the direct relationships between speed and distance and between duration and distance before they grasp the inverse relationship between speed and duration--a finding which may represent a general principle of cognitive development. (Author/RH)

Calls for a return to the conceptualization of Mannheim about generations and a parallel conceptualization concerning age groups. The usefulness of this approach is discussed in terms of the political sociology of age relations. Recommends precise definition and use of the terms cohort, generation, age grade, age stratum, age group, and generation…

Describes in detail 15 principles of instructional value that underlie humanistic approaches to education to clarify the conceptual basis of such approaches. (Author)

Introduces and provides practical examples of a teaching technique called instruction through simulated programing or ISP. This technique requires that students "program" a computer to demonstrate their understanding of economic concepts. (JDH)

The effects of using positive and negative examples to help second graders learn about the musical concepts of even duration and ascending melody were examined. The ratios studied were 5:1, 2:1, and 1:2 positive-to-negative instances. No differences in the instructional effectiveness of the three conditions were found. (Author/RM)

Ability to distinguish between causal (cause-effect) and teleological (means-ends) explanations was measured in 1905 twelfth-grade biology students and found to be dependent on student knowledge. Although the inability to make these distinctions contributes to misconceptions in biology, appropriate instruction can easily remedy the problem. Sample…

Young children and adolescents regarded the crossing of stereotyped gender boundaries as more wrong and expressed a greater personal commitment to sex-role regularity than did children in middle childhood. Although young children and adolescents viewed gender differentiations as an aspect of psychological-personal identity, their conceptions of…

A scheme has been developed which charts the phases through which the disciplines in the social sciences and humanities progressed before reconceptualization from the new scholarship on women transformed those disciplines. Application of this scheme to biology suggests that biology is only beginning to approach the phase of reconceptualization.…