Health educators should be aware of people as growth aspiring, with a basic nature of goodness, and that individuals need to experience those qualities within themselves which produce health and a zest for living. (JD)

Five experiments were run to assess imagery performance and perspective-taking in children ages 6 to 11. In Experiments 1-3, children anticipated results of rotating an object. Experiment 4 assessed the same children on a version of the traditional perspective-taking task. Experiment 5 studied children who took extreme approaches. (SB)

Studied were the behavioral characteristics of 60 methadone addicted infants and 53 nonaddicted infants during the first year of life (neonatal period, and at 3, 6, and 12 months of age). (PT)

This study tested the hypothesis that objective and subjective responsibility responses in moral judgment may be formally equal forms of cognitive organization. Results showed that subjects acting as offenders gave subjective responsibility responses; the same subjects acting as offended gave objective responsibility responses. Thus, subjects'…

The locus of facilitation due to rehearsal was investigated in three experiments with first-grade children. Several difference overt acquisition strategies in a four-item sequential memory task were compared, including ordered repetition, item repetition, item labeling, and free strategy conditions. (Author/SB)

This guide is written for environmental educators who are interested in learning more about how and why young children think and act, and how they can use this information to design developmentally appropriate programs and activities. The sections of this guide become progressively more practical and specific from understanding the basics of how…

Designed for use in in the home and in professional child-care settings, this program presents developmentally appropriate activities to support development of infants from 1 to 2 years of age. Each of the six 2-month long units contains 24 sets of activities call Activity Plans, with the suggestion to use three activity plans per week. Each unit…

Lev Vygotsky maintained that historical and cultural aspects of development started from the point at which humans could first be distinguished from apes. It is critical to consider the dialectical relationship between the individual and the cultural environment in which the child actively masters cultural behavior. Interaction with others…

Technically speaking, brain building is called cognitive skill development and has been in the psychology domain since the early 1960s. Historically, cognitive skill improvement was isolated within progressive coastal school districts and psychologists' private offices. Cognitive skill improvement was used successfully as a treatment in these…

The purpose of this research was to find the relation between the level of cognitive conflict and students' conceptual change. In this study, 30 Korean high school students were selected from 450 10th graders by examining the pretest results. To create students' cognitive conflicts, two different strategies were used to foster anomalous…

Noting children's inclination for things mathematical, this booklet of activities was written to help parents: use home activities to challenge their children's minds; to help parents and children enjoy mathematics; and to help parents ask their children questions that will get them thinking. The activities in the booklet require no special…

This paper shares a cognitive intervention approach to teaching thinking to first-year students in engineering and applied science courses in Singapore. The theoretical underpinnings of the Cognitive Modification Intervention (CMI) are based on Feuerstein's Theory of Structural Cognitive Modifiability. Embedded in this theory is the Theory of…

Integrating Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of the mind and cognitive science's computational model, this book focuses on how the computational mind uses language to mediate the internal and external worlds during thought. The first part of the book establishes the basis for unifying social and computational approaches to mind through language.…

Raises the need to reexamine Piaget's model of development in terms of its capacity to incorporate instances of cognitive regression into the structural framework of the theory. (CS)

Based on studies on Guatemalan children, presents data that absolute retardation in the time of emergence of universal cognitive competences during infancy is not predictive of comparable deficits for memory, perceptual analysis, and inference during preadolescence; retardation seems to be partially reversible and cognitive development in the…