In order to determine the ability of children aged 3-8 years to reproduce patterns of different levels of complexity, 60 children were asked to reproduce checkerboard patterns at 3 levels of complexity, measured by code length as suggested by H. A. Simon. (Author/SB)

A sample of 86 college students aged 18 to 35 years of age were asked to solve three formal operations tasks and to participate in a problem-finding task. No relation was found between performance on problem-finding and the formal operations task. (JMB)

Thirteen retarded adults at each of three mental age levels (5 to 6, 7 to 8, 9 to 12) were assessed on classification, relativity, and transitivity performance. (Author)

The development of the concept of object permanence was investigated with eight infants with cleft lip/palate and four nonimpaired infants. Superior performance of the cleft lip/palate group was found, possibly due to increased environmental stimulation provided by parents. (DB)

Explored perceptions of caring for cognitively impaired spouses in 15 elderly spouses. Male and female caregiving spouses differed in how they perceived dimensions of control as reflected in interpretation of the disease process, assumption of authority, control over the environment, and use of social support. (Author)

Attempted cognitive training of Raven's Progressive Matrices using guided self-discovery, but without directly providing strategies. Thirty-six older and 36 younger adults were pretested, underwent training, and were posttested. Found no significant difference in improvement between younger and older adults. Failed to find evidence for successful…

A quantitative synthesis of fourteen studies was conducted to estimate the quasi-experimental and experimental effects of teachers' questioning strategies on academic achievement. Effects of predominantly higher order questions versus predominantly factual questions were examined. Results are discussed. (Author/MT)

Forty preschoolers were directed to mentally rotate a stimulus and to discriminate the rotated stimulus from among a set of alternatives. Results are discussed in light of discrepant findings about children's kinetic imagery ability and the advisability of using this particular paradigm with young children. (Author/BS)

The article discusses a framework of reading disability based on comprehensive theories of cognition and reading. Reading problems are considered in terms of the Information Integration theory of cognition. Goals for developing remedial instruction based on the theory are also discussed. (Author/DB)

Investigated the role of memory development, especially the developmental change in reported general and specific memories, in children's and adults' concepts of themselves. The proportion of general responses was found to be high and stable across all ages; the proportion of specific responses increased with age. (PCB)

In an attempt to make Vygotsky's theories more accessible, Wertsch in "Vygotsky and the Social Formation of Mind" takes significant liberties with the original works. That leads to serious errors and moves the focus away from the author's own psychological theories. (PS)

Effects of the importance of plot-relevant information on 4- to 6-year-old children's memory for four televised stories was examined in two experiments. Free recall and cued recall of idea units rated for importance by college students were assessed. Recognition following failed cued recall was also assessed. (Author/BN)

Three degrees of cognitive processing were tapped by four problem types when 60 children between four and eight years were administered a set of geometry tasks differing in complexity. Analysis revealed that the tasks differed in difficulty, task success was related to age, and a hierarchical sequence existed among the skills. (SKC)

Explores the development of children's ability to plan their drawings. Presents a conceptual framework and a process-structural model of the planning of drawings in childhood. Two experiments support the model's prediction of different patterns of results as a function of the working memory capacity of the subjects. (SKC)