The developmental memory research with children indicates that highly variable rehearsal leads to better overall recall and that the strength of interitem associations may play some role in improving recall. This paper reports on two experiments to investigate the interplay between the number and strength of interitem associations, and how each is…

A description is given of an inservice course designed to acquaint teachers with current constructivist thinking and research in cognitive and developmental psychology. The focus was on sensitizing the teachers to the challenges of creating a "thinking environment" in their classrooms. The course was designed to engage students as…

The field of second language acquisition (SLA) developed from the study of second language teaching, and includes the study of the learning setting, learner variables, the nature of the target language and the learner native language, and the reasons for language learning. Much SLA research to date focuses on one or another of these dimensions…

The present study investigates the acquisition of basic language concepts with children 4 and 5 years of age, and the relationship of language to cognitive development as measured by performance on 10 Piagetian tasks. Factors of age, day care setting or kindergarten, and sex constituted the independent variables. Children 4 years of age proved to…

Determining the extent of consistency between distinct concepts has become increasingly important in current theorizing about the development and organization of cognitive structure. This paper discusses several conceptual and measurement issues that must be addressed in analyses of interconcept consistency: the distinction between connectivity…

The literature and theories of the role of self-assessment in the metacognitive development of children with learning handicaps is reviewed. Self-assessment is seen to be a prerequisite for metacognitive growth. The literature on purposes of self-assessment and ways to assess a student's actual use of self-assessment indicates that learning…

The presentation focuses on forms of therapeutic tutoring (particularly in reading) with children and adolescents. Developments in educational therapy at the Tavistock Clinic in London are cited along with efforts in the United States. Educational therapy approaches to deal with the school dropout program in Holland are also described. The…

A study investigating developmental differences in the ability to reason with conditional propositions used five variations of Wason's selection task to assess conditional reasoning in 132 eighth, tenth, and twelfth grade adolescents. In addition to examining developmental differences, the study had as an objective to examine the role of semantic…

The ability of 20 learning disabled (LD) and 20 non-LD students (mean age of 9 years) to process temporal order information was assessed by employing a relative recency judgment task. Ss were administered lists composed of pictures of everyday objects and were then asked to indicate which item appeared latest on the list (that is, most recently).…

Because research indicates that specific cognitive deficiencies do exist for hearing-impaired individuals (though the normal range of intellectual potential exists among the hearing-impaired as a group), Instrumental Enrichment (IE), an approach developed originally in response to the need for mediated learning experiences for culturally…

A paper-and-pencil test consisting of a series of 24 sketches was administered to assess the performance of hearing impaired students aged 9-12 on a Piagetian horizontality task. This age range among hearing students is the developmental period during which comprehension of the principle of horizontality should begin to emerge, indicating ability…

Recent work suggests that the apparent shift from thematic to taxonomic concept organization reflects changes in children's preference for these forms of organization, rather than their capacity. A study was made to assess toddlers' knowledge of the different possible relations for the same concept and to extend the triad method to children under…

An investigation was made of children's factual knowledge of health-related concepts and the cognitive implications of their answers to questionnaire items such as "What makes a person sick?", "What is medicine?", and "Do you know what a germ is?" Participants were 80 healthy children between approximately 3 and 15 years of age. An additional 61…

Since Kohlberg (1958) first extended the cognitive developmental theory of moral judgment to include moral reasoning in adults, it has been found that women tended to score at a lower developmental stage than did men. Gilligan (1982) has conceptualized women's moral reasoning as being different in kind from men's moral reasoning, with women's…

The paper reports observations from a 2-year investigation of teaching/learning processes as they occurred during microcomputer instruction in three special education schools. Factors in the learner and/or learning environment are analyzed for their effects on the development of problem solving strategies. Part 1 reports observations of behavior…