The authors, based on their long experience in helping children and adults to think and function more creatively, express their conviction in the possibility of increasing the creativity of people through special instruction. Many experiments have shown that, although some types of warm-up and reward conditions increased the chances of creative…

The study examined 41 students (24 male, 17 female) in a beginning writing course for adults. Data were collected by (1) taping four workshop sessions in which all students participated in small groups, (2) interviewing all the students, and (3) observing four students writing in the classroom. The adult writers composed in two models: the…

Two studies examined the effectiveness of pupillary measurements to indicate cognitive processes in educable mentally retarded (EMR) and nonretarded elementary and high school students. In the first study, pupillary scores from 20 nonretarded and 10 EMR students were measured for two conditions of an auditory task: listening and remembering.…

The problem of this psychometric investigation was developed as four major areas for study: (1) a comprehensive processing model was designed and tested; (2) prediction of academic achievement, including group-administered versus individually-administered instruments, was investigated; (3) memory processes relative to schools and achievement…

The performance of instructor pilots and student pilots was compared in two visual scanning tasks. In the first task both groups were shown slides of T-37 instrument displays in which errors were to be detected. Instructor pilots detected errors faster and with greater accuracy than student pilots, thus providing evidence for the validity of the…

The problem of this conference panel was to determine the interaction between the structural properties of text and the cognitive processes involved in comprehension. This panel report contains sections on the organization of the message in the communication system, the information readers derive from a message and how well they derive it, the…

The paper discusses some of the "belief systems knowledge" used in language understanding. It begins with a presentation of a theory of personal causation. The theory supplies the tools to account for purposeful behavior. Using primitives of the theory, the social aspect of an action can be described. The social aspect is that which depends on…

An integrated learning strategy program emphasizing a connection technique employing questions and answers was developed and tested. Components were derived from a review of educational and psychological literature and from an analysis of responses to a learning-strategy inventory. Visual imagery and paraphrasing connection also were evaluated.…

This review of Bever's psycholinguistics survey is for the most part favorable. Commentary is centered on sections 1, 2, 4, and 6 of the report. The survey's first part is judged significant in that Wundt's pioneering work in psycholinguistics is discussed. The second section, on grammar as a psychological process, is found obscure in its…

It is hypothesized that free, spontaneous interaction cannot be easily attained in language courses which are rigid and mechanical. For this reason, the author urges the development of instructional materials which facilitate a smooth and natural transition from "skill-getting" to "skill-using." Discussion of Jerome Bruner's theory of language…

Linguistic cues evoke prestructured beliefs in people's minds regarding the nature and causes of public problems. Political language can shape people's opinions and thereby shape events. There appear to be two beliefs or myths that people use to explain social problems: the first sees the sufferer as responsible for his own plight in a basically…

Visual and auditory stimuli were presented to children to measure symbol processing abilities. Slides which required matching the similarities in two objects in a group of three were presented. At times the matching criteria varied between function, color, and form. Reaction time was quicker when matching by color than by function, which was…

The introductory portion of this document reviews the definitions of cognitive style and presents the models of cognitive style developed by James McKenney, Samuel Messick, and Joseph Hill. It also discusses the application of these models to education. The annotated bibliography is designed as a review of selected materials that provide an…

The report gives the results of a pilot study on the attitudes of children concerning international topics. By use of a tightly structured questionnaire presented orally to children in grades 1 through 7, the author attempted to arrive at tentative findings concerning how attitudes toward other peoples and nations are formed and what role language…

Each of these citations (over 200 technical reports are theoretical, working, and practical papers) is annotated in a listing arranged by program and project within the program. Projects under Program 1, "Conditions and Processes of Learning," are titled Situational Variables and Efficiency of Concept Learning; Motivation and Individual…