Explores (1) problems of the validity of tests of spatial ability, and (2) problems of the recessive gene influence theory of the origin of sex differences in spatial ability. Studies of cognitive strategies in spatial problem solving are suggested as a way to further investigate recessive gene influence. (Author/RH)

Although painting is still recognized as an international language, few people are actually capable of "reading" the great works of art that have given depth to mankind's existence. Here is a lesson in "reading a painting". (Author/RK)

Investigates the experimental treatments (scanning practice and perceptual training-drawing) developed by Salome and Szeto, 1976, in an attempt to determine the training effects upon students' representational drawing performances. (Author/RK)

Outlines briefly the historical development of the field of learning disabilities, describes its present status with a discussion of some of the major issues and controversies, and indicates some emerging trends and future directions. (Author/RK)

Thirty-six visual and auditory tests were given to 113 fifth and sixth grade students. Second-order analysis yielded two well-defined factors representing Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence and two perceptual factors corresponding to General Visualization and General Auditory Function. Perceptual factors were not clearly separated from broad…

Eight, ten, and twelve year old children were tested on a novel procedure involving the successive presentation of standard and comparision stimuli. Two hypotheses were evaluated: one dealing with memory effects, and the other with children's pretesting of choice responses in spatial information processing. (Editor/RK)

35 undergraduates segmented one of two videotapes of an actor methodically assembling 20 five-page questionnaires. Tests the hypothesis that behavior that differs systematically in the availability of action-defining changes will be segmented into perceived actions in a systematically different way. (Author/RK)

The effects of visual paradigmatic organization on verbal recall among language/learning disabled children was studied with 20 such children (age: 8-13 years), who were screened to eliminate visual memory deficits. (Author)

Three word-identification experiments suggest that a model derived from experiments with pseudowords can be applied successfully to word identification. The data derived from the experiments confirm the role of higher order verbal units in word identification and suggest the structural components of a verbal-mediation theory of reading. (Editor/RK)

The aim of this study was to examine pattern difficulty as a general factor influencing orientation errors, and to explore psychological differentiation and task perception as variables accounting for cross-cultural differences. Samples of 30 boys and 30 girls in Ghana and Scotland were tested. (Editor)

A visual search task was used to assess developmental changes in elementary school children's selective attention to specified portions of a visual display. (Author/SB)

Presents findings of a study on the visual perceptual dimension of cognitive structure as it relates to achievement in college biology. Results indicate a possibility of using visual recall probes for the early detection of learning differences related to achievement. (SL)

Training in perspective-taking skills (the ability to imagine how objects look relative to one another from another person's point of view) resulted in considerable transfer of learning to other tasks and continued subject superiority over controls seven months later, indicating an inter-stage change in cognition. (MJB)

Meyer, Schvaneveldt, and Ruddy report that semantic context has a larger effect on visually degraded words than on undegraded words. Degrading stimuli takes place by superimposing a dot pattern over letters thereby slowing information processing. Four experiments explore alternative explanations of this research finding. (Editor/RK)

This research assesses whether the presence of noise elements in a visual display affects the detection of target letters at the perceptual or feature extraction level of information processing and whether (a) input or processing channels operate in an independent or interactive fashion and (b) how the spatial relation between signal and noise…