Examined which of the attentional operations underlying exogenous orienting (disengaging, shifting, and/or engaging) improves with age in children from 6 to 14 years old. Found that disengaging attention alone distinguished between younger and older children's performance, regardless of whether attention alone or attention and associated sensory…

Investigated the abilities of second language speakers to discriminate the prosodic contrasts between idiomatic and literal meanings of ambiguous sentences using utterances previously shown to be reliably identified by acoustic cues. (Author/VWL)

This commentary to EC 232 373 and EC 232 374 challenges the use of a speaker-based definition of stuttering and argues that use of the definition may only relocate the judgment reliability problem and raise as many validity problems as a listener-based definition of stuttering does. (JDD)

Administered seven instruments measuring college students' (N=253) perceptions and expectations of counseling. Used factor analysis to identify six interpretable factors, three for perceptions and three for expectations with no overlap between perceptions and expectations. Recommends further research into effects of gender, age, race, culture,…

The SeLective Attention Model (SLAM) performs visual selective attention tasks and demonstrates that object selection and attribute selection are both necessary and sufficient for visual selection. The SLAM is described, particularly with regard to its ability to represent an individual subject performing filtering tasks. (TJH)

Tested model of family structure and process using 133 children where both divorced parents remained in children's lives about 3 years after separation. Found role diffusion, lack of coparental alliance, parental boundary problems, parent-child rejection associated with reduced social competence and behavioral difficulties (especially in boys and…

Describes how teachers' evaluation of unions is constructed by historical, organizational, and social features of teachers' work and varies markedly across schools and districts. Presents the contrasting views of teachers in two comprehensive California high schools and considers the consequences of these evaluations for unions' recent strategy…

Surveyed rehabilitation counselors' (N=105) opinions about employer perceptions of workers with disabilities and the business-rehabilitation partnership. Assessed employer involvement in partnerships with regard to assistance with employment practices for workers with disabilities; affirmative action programs; and usefulness of technical…

A forward-gating procedure employing familiar monosyllabic words was used in auditory testing of age- and gender-matched elementary students with and without learning disabilities. Results indicate auditory closure skills were comparable between disabled and nondisabled subjects, but sensory discrimination problems may contribute significantly to…

The study investigated (1) the reliability of children's (N=10 in grades 1, 3, and 5) judgments of vocal roughness, (2) normal-abnormal cut-off values for these judgments, and (3) children's ratings versus adult clinician ratings of the same samples. Results indicated child judgments commensurate with that of clinicians. (Author/DB)

A series of 6 experiments involving 210 subjects from a college subject pool examined orthographic priming effects between briefly presented pairs of letter strings. A theory of othographic priming is presented, and the implications of the findings for understanding word recognition and reading are discussed. (SLD)

Two studies of children and adults investigated responses to a weight illusion task based on perceptual adaptation or contrast effects. Results showed improved performance only after the task was altered to highlight the relevance of the condition that produced the illusion. (RH)

Examines the novels of Cynthia Voigt in terms of the recurring theme that the sacrifice of one's self or one's interest, usually for the supposed advantage of others, can in the long run do more harm than good. A bibliography of Voigt's novels is provided. (two references) (CLB)

After a period of decline in interest in governance, there appears to be increased faculty interest in reclaiming the responsibility traditionally held by the faculty senate. However, some faculty feel participation in governance detracts from scholarly pursuits and peer perceptions, and that gratification must accompany involvement. (MSE)

Illustrates the construction of a classroom demonstration of the moving cube illusion. Gives details for building this three-dimensional figure that appears to be a solid cube but is actually a hollow figure. Suggests ways in which this display may be used in the classroom or as a permanent exhibit. (KO)