This report provides information about the health effects of passive smoking, the types of policies that are in force in the public and private sectors to control workplace smoking, and the costs and effects of those policies. The executive summary briefly highlights the three major areas of the report: (1) a review of the studies of health…

This paper describes the symptoms and ways of coping with chronic stress and briefly discusses effects of job related stress on school principals. Although stress is a normal condition, the symptoms should be identified. Under long-term stress individuals may experience six types of reactions, such as feelings of fatique and difficulty sleeping.…

In order to compare the practice of school psychology by doctoral and nondoctoral practitioners, the National School Psychology Questionnaire was sent to a nationwide, random sample of practicing school psychologists employed in public school settings. Responses from 869 school psychologists (142 doctoral practitioners and 727 nondoctoral…

This report focuses on a myriad of national, state, and local laws, regulations and court decisions which govern the everyday work of industrial and organizational psychologists. Legislation already in effect and legislation still pending are discussed. Citing relevant legislation and court decisions throughout the text, the paper addresses such…

Although stress related to work has received increased attention in recent years, the role of personality characteristics in mediating job stress has not been systematically investigated. Nonetheless, the perception of work stress and the significance of various sources of support may vary considerably based on individual characteristics.…

A review of the literature and a bibliography are provided on employment and the quality of adult life for individuals with disabilities. The literature review examines the concept of quality of life in general as well as quality of life assessments among populations with specific handicapping conditions. This is followed by a list of over 800…

Despite the assumptions some have naively made about various stresses and the quality of life associated with rural settings, most who have studied people residing in rural areas would acknowledge the strong need for mental health services. However psychologists, like most other health care professionals prefer the amenities of more metropolitan…

A study sought to determine what factors influenced Ohio Cooperative Extension Service county agents to leave their jobs (particularly the factor of job performance level) as measured by supervisory rating and self-rating techniques. Additionally, the study sought to determine relationships between variables and to determine the levels of those…

"Educators in the professions" is a term covering those who provide educational services to professionals and who engage in the research and development efforts necessary for the understanding and improvement of these specialized educational endeavors. An informal research effort indicated that there are probably 1,500 to 1,750 such educators in…

Year-round schools offer a wide enough variety of scheduling options and educational benefits that all districts should consider adopting a locally appropriate year-round format. The traditional 9-month school year is based not on educational considerations but on the economic conditions that prevailed in preindustrial society--conditions that no…

One in a series of core instructional materials for apprentices to use during the first or second years of apprenticeship-related subjects training, this booklet deals with working in organizations. The first section consists of an outline of the content and scope of the core materials as well as a self-assessment pretest. Covered in the three…

Research assessed whether computer technology had altered aspects of the employee's control of his or her work environment. The general hypothesis was that computing would have enhanced control of work life in relation to other individuals and in relation to the job for employees higher in the organizational hierarchy who perform more…

Over the last sixteen years, part-time teachers have become the coolies, or the burden bearers of the academic community. Used mostly to teach lower-level basic classes, they have increased in number from 36,420 in l968 to 330,000 in l985. Research about part timers began in the late l970s with Howard Tuckman, who tried to find systematic and…

Although coronary prone, or Type A behavior, appears to predict coronary heart disease in women, as it does in men, little research has compared men and women in the same life circumstances. To determine if there is a coronary prone behavior pattern in women preparing for traditionally male professionals, two studies were conducted. In the first…

Argues that changes in the industrial output of other nations, and the stridency of today's workers have made businessmen more aware of the need to find solutions to the problems facing them, and explores job enlargement, modified workweeks, and the psychology of responsiveness. (JM)