In recent years, the relationship between moods and thoughts has been the focus of much theorizing and some empirical work. A study was undertaken to examine the intraindividual relationship between negative affect and negative thoughts using a Box-Jenkins time series analysis. College students (N=33) completed a measure of negative mood and…

The most general explanation of the impact of positive and negative affect on prosocial behavior has been based on the notion that prosocial responses are self-reinforcing. Accordingly, people who are feeling good are inclined to help others in order to maintain their pleasant affect, whereas those who are feeling badly are likely to help in order…

This document defines suffering as the affective aspect of the pain experience while the cognitive aspect of the pain experience is the sensation of pain. It considers personal suffering, which mean's one's own suffering, and not the suffering of other people. It notes that a particular interpretation of suffering may be formulated in any number…

This paper describes the Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model of social behavior which consists of three variables: the psychological closeness of another, the relative performance of that other, and the relevance of the performance dimension to one's self-definition. The SEM model is described as involving two processes, the reflection process…

Investigated the child-holding patterns represented in Western art by examining the mother-and-child paintings and drawings of 34 major European artists. Works of art depicting men holding young children are examined for comparison. (Author/SDH)

This paper contends that values significantly influence the counselor's choice of a psychotherapeutic theory, selection of clients, counseling techniques, treatment goals, and direction of improvement. It is suggested that counselors be trained to the level where their own values do not interfere with the requirements of the client. (Author/BW)

Examines the relationship between the Perceived Guilt Index, the Mosher Forced Choice Guilt Scale, and the Word Association Test. (Author)

Research supported by grants from the National Science Foundation and the National Institute of Health.

This document presents a programmed introduction to concepts of affective behavior according to the taxonomic analysis developed by Krathwohl for college education students. The main task the student is expected to perform upon completion of the program is to identify affective behaviors in each of Krathwohl's five levels. Nine subtasks are…

Both cognitive and affective components in interests, attitudes, values, and appreciations are identified as well as problems in selecting objectives for the affective domain. The suggestions offered on how to best assess feelings draw on a variety of measurement techniques. The possibilities and problems involved in assessing student achievement…

As part of a large scale evaluation of the state gifted program in Illinois, the systematic collection and processing of low inference student judgments about their classes was used to describe and evaluate classroom transactions. Profiles of 62 gifted classes were compared to 69 average classes on the Class Activity Questionnaire. This…

A need exists for a more clear-cut description of how the taxonomy of educational objectives can be implemented in the school setting. In answer to that need, a way is shown to formulate specific behavioral objectives within the hierarchy of the major levels and sublevels of the taxonomies as set forth by Bloom (1956) and Krathwohl (1964). To…

Research has shown that the prophesies which teachers make about the achievement of specific students (based on their analysis of student past achievements and intelligence ratings) are often self-fulfilling; teachers usually get what they expect from students. This phenomenon becomes dangerous to learning only when the teacher's low expectations…

Most people are raised in a traditional environment which teaches that someone-winning implies that someone-loses. However, psychology and the examples provided in the Watergate scandal demonstrate that such a philosophy is neither productive nor beneficial. A "win-win" philosophy of cooperation, not competition, is needed for…

The cognitive characteristics involved in a relatively field-dependent or field-independent cognitive style and the personal characteristics associated with these contrasting styles have been shown to play a role in a) students' selection of electives and majors, b) vocational preferences they experience early in their academic careers, and c) the…