Examines the effect in the primary and secondary school levels of teaching through the medium of Welsh and the response of the University of Wales. The media and the educational system are two formal social organizations which help the threatened Welsh language to survive. Another would be the establishment of a Welsh-medium university. (SED)

Describes several elicitation techniques used for speech act data collection and analysis and discusses their suitability in testing a learner's acquisition of the rules of language use. Argues that the development of testing instruments for communicative competence cannot be divorced from the field of cross-cultural pragmatics. (SED)

Describes how implementing a free activities period at the beginning of the regular class day can encourage creative, independent art projects; development of positive self-attitudes; and reading and writing behaviors and can lower rebellious classroom behavior by providing students with some measure of classroom control. (CRH)

The hypothesis that sex-biased communication could result in unnecessary and inefficient limitations in the scope of career choices was tested by exposing college of business administration freshmen to sex-neutral and sex-biased versions of a questionnaire on job knowledge. Respondents were found to limit the range of career choices based on sex.…

A study of the first grade books in two basal series, compared with typical storybooks, shows that the amount and type of picture-dependence varies, even over the year. (FL)

Describes problems teaching English to mixed classes of native English speakers and nonnative speakers. Discusses problems in vocabulary, spelling, punctuation, grammar, and usage, as well as problems involving the concept of bilingual education and cultural differences in the knowledge and expected roles of students. (EL)

Discusses and criticizes the monolingual view of bilingualism, which holds that the bilingual is two monolinguals in one person. Proposes, instead, a view which holds that a bilingual has a unique, specific linguistic configuration. Examines a number of areas in bilingual research that are affected by this different view. (SED)

Describes the first research project in England to focus on the importance of societal bilingualism in the development of education policies. A more comprehensive database on patterns of bilingualism and language learning both in and out of school is suggested in order to facilitate further research on linguistic minorities. (SL)

Describes learning activities that promote the teaching of reading and writing together within the context of basal materials. Presents an example of how these activities were used in a second-grade classroom. (FL)

Describes the emphasis on creativity in expository writing in a college composition class. Outlines four traits of creativity promoted and encouraged in student nonfiction writing and writing assignments for that purpose. Includes samples of students' creative nonfiction. (HTH)

Presents the "Englishes" of children from different social backgrounds that are reflected in the forms and functions of their individual ways of communicating. Discusses implications of these language varieties for the classroom. (HTH)

Examines the treatment of Native Americans in 34 elementary social studies textbooks on the adopted textbook list in Virginia. Explains how ten basic concepts are covered, what evaluative terms are used to describe Native Americans, and how Native Americans are treated in pictures in the texts. (SB)

An acculturation scale for Mexican Americans was cross-validated on 450 Mexican American college freshmen in south Texas. Factor analysis yielded four factors identified earlier: language preference, ethnic identity/generation removed from Mexico, ethnicity of friends/associates, extent of direct contact with Mexico and ability to read/write in…

Summarizes the responses of governors and past presidents and executive directors of the National Council of Teachers of English and the International Reading Association to the question "If it were in your power, what one thing would you do to improve the reading and writing skills of boys and girls?" (FL)

Discusses what a spontaneously formed group of three children thought and did as they composed a story together. The observations focus on the whole writing process. (HTH)