Examined was the effect of teacher attitude on student achievement in arithmetic in grade four. The students were presented a lesson involving division via a modified programed learning sequence and teachers were given bias statements regarding the effectiveness of the programs. The results indicated no significant differences among students…

This is an attempt to bring to light some of the uses of drugs among school age individuals on the basis of grade and age groupings (Author/EK)

Attempts to fill research gap on testing by obtaining comparisons of deviation scores, at grade levels four, seven, and ten, from the California Test of Mental Maturity, Henmon-Nelson Tests, and Lorge-Thorndike Intelligence tests. Results tabulated. (CJ)

The present study provides evidence that offering performance-contingent rewards promotes children's task accomplishments, percepts of efficacy, and skill development. These findings are consistent with predictions from Bandura's theory of self-efficacy. (Author/PN)

The article reviews the development of mathematics error analysis as a means of diagnosing students' cognitive reasoning. Errors specific to addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division are described, and suggestions for remediation are provided. (CL)

A study examined the sociometric relationships in two schools with different structural organization, especially on a diffuseness-centrality dimension. The graded school had diffuseness at all levels, while the nongraded school had greater diffuseness at the lower than upper level. (MSE)

A model of the division algorithm is described which relates step-by-step to the standard algorithm. Use of the model in instruction requires the distribution of a special worksheet. The focus of the instruction is on students sharing some amount of money equally among several friends. (MP)

Typical instruction of the division algorithm fails to justify why one brings down a number during the process. The construction and use of an aid is described which can be used to help explain the process of division to students. The aid emphasizes place-value aspects. (MP)

Reviews recent trends in grade organization and factors to consider in examining changes at the district level. Cites the lack of empirical evidence supporting any one form of grade organization as a reason for the range of patterns found in American school districts. Offers guidelines for accomplishing grade organization change. (Author/WD)

Drill activities for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division that are derived from the history of mathematics are suggested. (MK)

The author presents and elaborates on a division algorithm devised by his 9-year-old son. (MK)

A new approach to teaching the division of common fractions is described. The approach is related to the multiplication operation and involves children working with concrete materials. (MK)

The author asserts that, in both the junior high school movement and the more recent middle school movement, the ninth grade was considered expendable. He suggests that it is time to resolve the bothersome questions as to whether the ninth grade belongs in the junior or senior high school. (SJL)