Navigating academic writing, the waters of academic life, should be a sustainable practice, which supports the learning and personal development of writers. However, cultures of writing differ in their sustainability. The sustainability of writing cultures relies heavily on whether writing is a solitary or social practice and whether it is…

To see whether communicative-based multimodal skills (compared to non-communicative motor skills) predicted complex language skills, this study examined the predictive power of multimodal and motor skills on narrative and expressive pragmatic abilities across two groups. Participants were children with typical development (N = 88, M[subscript age]…

As China joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) and its national strength continued to grow, enthusiasm for learning Chinese has been heating up globally. Chinese language education has gradually integrated into the education systems of more countries, becoming a significant focus of attention and study. However, despite the increasing demand…

The optimal amount of first language (L1) and second language (L2) to use in L2 learning has been constantly debated (e.g., Cummins, 2007; Hall & Cook, 2012). This study situated the debate of L1 and L2 use in the context of vocabulary learning from reading by examining the gloss language effect (i.e., L1 vs. L2 glosses). Important factors…

Teachers and teacher candidates have been documented using deficit discourse about multilingual learners (MLs), but little is known about how dialogic interactions take place or how such language is challenged in real time. This study examines how undergraduate teacher candidates (TCs) engage in a simulated conversation with a teacher colleague…

The fluency task, which involves lexical retrieval from a categorical or thematic prompt, has been a crucial paradigm in studies about lexicon in bilingualism and additional languages. Particularly, there has been a very productive cognitive turn towards analytical models based on the exploration of the cognitive processes underlying the mental…

Purpose: Speech disfluencies are common in individuals who do not stutter, with estimates suggesting a typical rate of six per 100 words. Factors such as language ability, processing load, planning difficulty, and communication strategy influence disfluency. Recent work has indicated that bilinguals may produce more disfluencies than monolinguals,…

Purpose: The challenges of language assessment in bilinguals include a lack of assessment tools and bilingual speech-language pathology services. Additionally, the weighting of subtests in standardized tests has not been empirically explored to maximize sensitivity and specificity. Language exposure might also inform the decision to diagnose…

The English language teaching community in Colombia has witnessed the emergence and consolidation of academic or scientific journals edited in the country to disseminate the results of teachers' work. Although their efforts are generally valued, we do not have many studies concerning the life and implications of what is being published in those…

In the United States, numerous world language programs face criticism by being labeled as useless and inferior, resulting in curriculum and funding cuts. Despite defending their practicality, showing how vital skills are acquired through participation in these courses, many programs' efforts often fall short in conveying the essential role of…

Recent research has called for more attention in the understanding and developing of mathematics teaching talk, focusing on the specific use of language as a resource to help students learn mathematical concepts. Based on a task-based interview with eleven teachers, this paper attempts to utilise the Mathematics Register Knowledge Quartet to…

Teaching English as a foreign language is a common feature in the curriculum of many countries. In Iran, students formally learn English from Grade Seven but can take private classes much earlier. Iran implemented sweeping reforms in 2013 that banned primary school children from learning English, to protect them from "Western cultural…

This mixed-method study examines Ecuadorian preservice English as a foreign language teachers' cognition regarding pronunciation models and targets, identity, and confidence. Data were gathered through a self-reported, anonymous online questionnaire. Factor analysis and Spearman's correlations were conducted on the quantitative data, and content…

The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) provide a vision for contemporary science education with all students, including the fast-growing population of multilingual learners in the United States K-12 context. The shifts heralded by the NGSS have resulted in significant changes to English language proficiency (ELP) or English language…

Our preferences and evaluations are often affected by contextual factors. One unavoidable context is language. We used an evaluative conditioning (EC) paradigm (pairing neutral stimuli with emotional or neutral stimuli) to investigate whether our evaluations are equally conditioned in a first (L1) and a second language (L2). An EC effect was…