Good, normal, and poor third grade readers were required to read easy, moderate, and difficult one-syllable nouns under three conditions: control condition with no pictures, identifying-picture condition, and unrelated-picture condition. Reading performance of poor readers was influenced by pictures under all conditions. Individual differences…

The article summarizes findings on age-related changes in intelligence, cognitive performance, and personality that may affect older work performance, concluding that age-related declines are slight except in physically demanding jobs. Altering occupational or training tasks is suggested where necessary. (MF)

Individual differences in memory can be studied from two theoretical perspectives: Reappearance Theory or Constructive Theory. To test the Constructive Theory, two experiments examined the retention of high and low ability students. The results of both experiments supported the hypothesis that learners who acquire information rapidly also display…

The humanized learning environment described in this article should provide all participants, learners, parents, and professionals better opportunities for individual growth and development. (JD)

Suggests that differences in verbal intelligence affect the speech of four-year-olds, necessitating that care be taken not to confuse verbal intelligence with social class when studying the speech of young children. (RL)

Mexican-American and Anglo-American children from a semirural low-income elementary school were tested for competition, individualism, field independence, and school achievement. The Mexican-American children were found to be more prosocial and less competitive, but these factors were not necessarily related to lower school achievement. (GDC)

A model was proposed which considered individual differences and work environment in the design of management-by-objectives (MBO) programs. The field-testing of the model indicated that consideration must be given not only to the feasibility of the task goals and their applicability to the larger organizational objectives, but also to employee…

Questions the basis on which certain decisions are made and conclusions reached in schools with regard to intelligence testing. Discusses three distinct flaws in intelligence testing and how such tests must be designed to account for individual differences. (Author/RK)

Assessment is made of the effectiveness of teachers' ratings and of a battery of cognitive and psychometric tasks in predicting achievement in reading and arithmetic in grades 1, 2, and 3. (Author/BW)

Items from the Femininity (Fe) scale of the California Psychological Inventory were assigned to two logically independent subscales: Feminine Tendency (Ft) and Masculine Tendency (Mt). Architects (n=40) nominated as exceptionally creative and their colleagues (n=43) scored higher than unnominated controls (n=41) on Ft but were not significantly…

Encourages students' natural responses in news writing, allowing students to develop personal writing styles that make standard or routine stories more interesting. (RL)

Finds no group differences in moral judgment between learning-disabled children and normal achievers. Discusses the results in terms of behavior problems associated with the learning-disabled. (RL)

Results of a questionnaire administered to 800 registered nurses in Illinois indicated significant differences in identified learning needs and participation in continuing education according to characteristics such as age, income, nursing program, and employment position. (TA)

Multiple regression analysis of interview data from 102 non-institutionalized retired black men and women in a large urban area revealed a number of factors related to life satisfaction. Results are supportive of previous findings in whites, but questions raised regarding the applicability of prior findings to black aged. (Author)

Children's learning preferences sometimes appear to be unique and specific to their cultural groups. (MM)