From the ideas well set forth by Ferguson, Messick and others, a method was sought that would identify different abilities that entered at different stages in a task. The method selected should meet Cronbach's criterion that it would consider individual differences as well as group performance. Tucker's (1960, 1966) method seemed to be able to…

The nature of foreign language aptitude and the consequent implications for teaching are discussed. Areas include teaching of aptitudinal skills, diagnosis of individual difficulties, necessity of identifying sounds as unique entities, "audiolingual habit theory" vs. "cognitive code learning theory," and inductive and deductive teaching…

The present experiment tested the hypothesis that learning under conditions of high arousal should lead to stronger permanent memory and weaker immediate memory than learning under conditions of low arousal. When digital vasoconstriction was used as the measure of arousal, the results confirmed the hypothesis. Learning under high and low arousal…

Most students, perhaps over 90 percent, can master what teachers have to teach them, and it is the task of instruction to find the means which will enable students to master the subject under consideration. A basic task is to determine what is meant by mastery of the subject and to search for methods and materials which will enable the largest…

Research has indicated that there is no teaching method superior to others in promoting reading skills, improving attitudes, or creating interests, and that different types of children evidence varying responses to different methods. Studies such as those of Jung and Myer regarding personality and learning styles provide clues that are useful in…

THIS ARTICLE DESCRIBES RESULTS OF THE FIRST IN A SERIES OF THREE LARGE-SCALE LONGITUDINAL STUDIES CONDUCTED BY THE U.S. EMPLOYMENT SERVICE TO INCREASE THE USEFULNESS OF THE GENERAL APTITUDE TEST BATTERY (GATB) FOR COUNSELING HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS. THE FINAL SAMPLE CONSISTED OF 26,708 HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS. ALL WERE TESTED WITH THE GATB IN 1958, AND…

This speech reports an experiment on memory and verbal ability. The study notes that in previous research, verbal ability has been found to correlate with sensitivity to order, an important component of intelligence. This relationship may be due largely to the greater word store of high verbal scorers. The author's experimental hypothesis is that…

Children's reactions to emotionally neutral and frightening scenes were compared using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children. Differences in the reactions of boys and girls were interpreted as reflecting both their identification with different characters in the play and their perceptions of the physical danger and psychological threat to…

The author discusses health education for the patient and the differences between patient education and the concept of self-care. Both types of programs may contribute to the public's health at different points on the same continuum. (MF)

Fifth grade students completed ten trials of recalling familiar nouns plus two summary trials. Alpha factor analysis indicated that the measurement procedures may be conceived of as derived from a single domain and the use of a summary trial was a simple way to increase the generalizability of a particular measurement procedure. (Author/DEP)

Sixty normal and psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents were tested for multiple self image using a specially designed Q sort technique, initially and then every 6 months for 12-18 months. Each subject's self image was analyzed in terms of complexity. (Author/DEP)

Develops a working model of the communication process which corresponds to the ego states of transactional analysis and attempts to discern effects of personality systems on the encoding and decoding process of individuals. (MH)

Individualization should be characterized by flexible values (such as adaptation to individual student differences and development of student responsibility), instead of rigid strategies. (Author/DS)

The purpose of this study is to compare by accepted statistical criteria the best and average scores as estimators of a subject's maximum performance. (JD)

Twenty-eight 10-month-old infants were observed by two independent teams, one measuring activity in the home situation and one measuring attachment behaviors in a videotaped standard laboratory sequence. (MS)