The simple view of reading (SVR) framework has been used for decades to explain two general component skills considered to contribute to reading comprehension: decoding and linguistic comprehension. In the past, researchers have assessed the linguistic comprehension component using a wide range of language and/or listening comprehension measures…

This intervention study was conducted to assess the effects of three instructional approaches to L2 listening. That is, a metacognitive pedagogical cycle, an awareness-raising approach which combined reflections and short discussions of factors associated with successful L2 listening, and an approach that incorporated vocabulary as a prelistening…

This study investigated direct and indirect pathways from listening comprehension (LC) to reading comprehension (RC) via fluent word reading (FWR) in grades 1-3, and path equivalence across these grades. LC's total effects predicting RC range from 0.45 to 0.59 in grades 1-3, a stronger relationship than found in previous studies. Overall, LC's…

Common depictions of the simple view of reading (SVR), in both research and practice, describe reading comprehension difficulties by using the dichotomous variables of "poor" and "good" for each of its three constructs. But these fail to accurately capture the role the product of the two subcomponents of word recognition and…

Under the noisy-channel framework of language comprehension, comprehenders infer the speaker's intended meaning by integrating the perceived utterance with their knowledge of the language, the world, and the kinds of errors that can occur in communication. Previous research has shown that, when sentences are improbable under the meaning prior…

Novice clinicians often start their careers in community and agency settings without a comprehensive understanding of how counseling theories are developed, tested, and applied in the real world (Smith et al., 2024, under review). This can lead to feelings of academic and professional underdevelopment and self-doubt about their preparedness and…

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between lexical coverage and TV viewing comprehension. Previous studies have indicated that 95% to 98% of lexical coverage may be needed for reading comprehension (Hu & Nation, 2000). To understand informal listening passages, lower coverage figures (95%-90%) may suffice. However, no study has…

Visual, as compared to verbal, tasks are often assumed to be easier for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but is this true for story comprehension? This study evaluated story comprehension monitoring across visual, listening, and written modalities and assessed predictors in two closely matched groups (age, socioeconomic status,…

The science of reading movement has done much to improve instruction in foundational skills. But that hard-won progress may be reversed unless we also help children acquire the knowledge and vocabulary they need to understand complex text. At the same time, the science of learning movement has introduced many educators to evidence-based teaching…

Background: The perception and experience of death with respect to individuals with intellectual disability are almost unexplored in the Polish context. We aimed to understand how these persons conceptualise death, understand their experiences associated with it, and the meanings they ascribe to it. Method: The study was designed and conducted…

The aim of the present paper is to explore students' perceptions of MOOCs in relation to their learning strategies. Drawing upon cognitive appraisal theory and learning strategies framework, the study examines the perception of MOOCs as threats or challenges and assesses students' learning approaches through the prism of deep and surface learning…

Past studies have shown that first language and second language (L2) listeners can adapt to unfamiliar L2 pronunciation. However, little is known about the process of adaptation, especially by L2 listeners. The present study examined the degree to which L2 listeners' adaptation process is influenced by speaker intelligibility and input…

Reading comprehension has been mostly studied using traditional texts and very little is known about reading comprehension in comics. We wanted to find out whether comics could enhance comprehension processes, compared to traditional text and what cognitive processes might be involved in this effect. Furthermore, we explored the functional role of…

The role of grammar in reading comprehension remains unresolved despite the relatively large number of studies in this line of research. Drawing on the (dis)advantages of applying grammatical knowledge to the reading process, the present study discusses some of the reasons for differing results reported by previous studies. It is argued that…

This paper advocates the use of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) for Q-matrix specification in cognitive diagnostic assessment (CDA) of language comprehension. We propose that integrating EFA results into Q-matrix specification improves the psychometric quality of CDA classification results with reference to Q-matrices based solely on human…