Establishes a chronology of borrowings by the French language, and suggests that the classification and typography of these borrowings are problems that merit attention. (Author/VWL)

Discusses the etymological routes, the borrowing process, that allows words from language B to enter language A. Uses metaphorical language to describe the ways in which words are taken from one language and used in another. (Author/VWL)

Using evidence from first-hand experimental work and existing studies, Colantoni and Gurlekian take a tentative but encouraging step towards exploring the role of contact in explaining intonational change. Their central question is whether Buenos Aires Spanish intonation is distinctive relative to other varieties of Spanish; and if so, whether…

This paper discusses the language contact situation between Algonquian languages and French in Canada. Michif, a French-Plains Cree mixed language, is used as a case study for linguistic results of language contact. The paper describes the phonological, morphological, and syntactic conflict sites between the grammars of Plains Cree and French, as…

An analysis of recent proposals concerning the typologies of language change attempts to provide a synthesis identifying the major types of change that need to be distinguished. The three major types of language change discussed are spontaneous change, borrowing, and imposition. Upon analysis, it is concluded that these three types of change…

Discusses the role that Europeans played in the process that led to pidginized languages, in particular to the development of Pidgin Sango, the "national language" of the Central African Republic. Contends that the manner in which the Europeans communicated with Central Africans was constrained by culturally conditioned "knowledge." (SED)

Explores markedness of languages and language change in relation to their roles in the consistency of language. Concludes typology provides no explanations in itself, but rather through data which need explanations and form a testing ground for linguistic theories. (Author/BK)

Describes the conditions affecting the translation and borrowing of acronyms (such as "VHS") among other languages, concluding that the major difficulty in translating acronyms is in balancing intended expressed meaning, represented technicality or potential for common usage, articulation, and perceived acceptability of "foreign" terms. (20…

Investigated the lexical shift from British to American terms in New Zealand English. Surveys on speakers' lexical usage, perceptions, and attitudes identified various problems with previous research, suggesting that some American terms are not adopted because speakers identify and avoid them. The article disputes the assumption that lexical…

Demonstrates that the substitution of a foreign segment in the borrowing of a database, which includes 14,350 segmental malformations from French and English loanwords in eight distinct languages, involves its replacement by a single native placement. This tendency is without exception, other than in cases where nasal vowels are concerned.…

Several descriptions of the transition from single to multiword utterances use prosody as an important diagnostic criterion. For example, in contrast to successive single-word utterances, [lsquo ]real[rsquo ] two-word utterances are supposed to be characterized by a unifying intonation contour and a lack of an intervening pause. Research on the…

The difficulties presented by the semantic baggage that a word/phrase carries as it is translated from one language (French) into another language (Greek) are discussed. Numerous examples of these difficulties, drawn from magazines and works of fiction, are provided. The phenomenon of linguistic borrowing is highlighted. (SR)

Aspects of Navajo English are examined to illustrate how Native American English differs from standard English of native speakers. Phonological, morphological, and syntactic characteristics of Navajo English are noted. Navajo English also differs from standard English in its approach to time frameworks and tenses. It is suggested that much of the…

In order to gain a better view of the phonological properties of Taiwanese, examines how the rules of three dialects in the Taiwanese secret language operate. Describes the three main types of rules which are required to derive the secret language from the source language. Discusses implications of the study. (SED)

Traces history of Aztec language and culture to show how traces remain in modern Spanish and how they have contributed to other languages. (BK)