Three experiments involving 128 infants studied whether and how novel words influence object categorization in 12- to 13- month-old infants. Data revealed that a linkage between words and object categories emerged early enough to be a guide in infants' efforts to map word meanings. (SLD)

The founder of the Institute for Earth Education addresses discussion on the philosophy of "teaching names" and traditional nature study in order to prepare children to deal with environmental problems. (LZ)

Three kinds of implicit knowledge are (1) unconscious and nonverbalizable, stemming from familiarity with environment; (2) conscious but nonverbalizable (feeling-sense); and (3) unstated conscious and verbalizable (hidden assumptions). Implicit knowing makes its main contribution at the initial stages of problem solving. (SK)

Evaluated effectiveness of innovative approach to parent education which incorporates traditional approaches with developmental self-psychological framework compared to effectiveness of traditional program. Data from 34 parents revealed that 2 programs were equally effective in enhancing parent's knowledge base about discipline strategies.…

Discusses educational philosophy, presenting epistemological and hermeneutic conceptions of the nature of understanding according to Paul H. Hirst and Martin Heidegger. The article looks at Hirst's epistemology of understanding and Heidegger's understanding as a praxeological competence. (SM)

Explores issues and research relevant to sport tactical knowledge development and expertise. The paper discusses controversies concerning methodological tools, possible levels of analysis in sport research, sport tactical knowledge and expertise, a protocol structure model for sport, and expert-novice sport research. (SM)

A nationwide survey of 504 county agricultural agents received 468 replies indicating that agents understand farmers' risk management strategies but feel least qualified to teach about futures markets, crop insurance, hedging, and options. (JOW)

Surveyed 60 prostitutes in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to AIDS. Found that the prostitutes are not utilizing risk reduction behaviors while having sexual relations with their clients. Provides implications for social workers and public health workers who must develop strategies to work effectively…

Examined college students' (n=113) knowledge of the strength of malt beverages, wines, fortified wines, and distilled spirits. Results indicated rates of correct responses were well below 50 percent for each type of beverage. Alcohol content of malt beverages tended to be less accurately estimated than other beverages. Women's estimates were less…

Examined basic knowledge about college that first-generation (n=58) and second-generation (n=142) college students possess, and assessed their parents' support in passing this knowledge on to them. Found second-generation perceived more support from their families for attending college than did first-generation students. (ABL)

Notes that life-saving advances in medicine have created difficult ethical and legal dilemmas for health care professionals. Presents beginning knowledge base for bioethical practice, especially in hospital neonatal units. Outlines key elements of bioethical decision making and examines potential social work role from clinical and organizational…

Rehabilitation counselors (n=1,535) reported that they were at least moderately prepared in vocational services; foundations of rehabilitation; case management/services; group/family counseling; medical/psychosocial aspects; workers' compensation, employer services, and technology; individual counseling/development; social, cultural, and…

Examined association between knowledge of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and skill among social workers (n=552) and attitudes toward people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS. Found that AIDS-related knowledge and skill were significantly associated with improving general attitudes of social workers toward HIV/AIDS…

Vocational education teachers in Northwest Ohio (n=569) completed a test on entrepreneurship; marketing and business teachers had the highest scores. The teachers with strongest entrepreneurship knowledge completed at least one college business course, are certified in marketing or business, are aged 26-44, and have taught entrepreneurship before.…

Addresses the nature of knowledge that works in practice in the context of professional education and learning, suggesting that knowledge that works plausibly can be viewed as causal knowledge of action-result linkages. Explores the difficulties involved in data-based inferences. (SLD)