Analyzed responses of male and female managers (N=360). Found female personal characteristics and work environment had little negative impact on initial movement of women into management or their promotion. Suggests agency selection and recruitment practices may have a negative impact on promotion of women. (Author/RC)

A national survey of elementary and secondary principals sought both to identify the events associated with school management they perceived as most stressful and to determine whether administrators in different situations (elementary or secondary, rural or urban) have different reactions to typical tasks. Findings and implications are presented.…

Occupational mental health deals with the quality of life associated with work. This article demonstrates how rational emotive therapy can be applied to occupational mental health, and suggests counselors be sensitive to stress of work as well as home. (Author/JAC)

Women were found to have much fewer positive work features than men and to consider their lives outside of work as more important than work. But women did not report significantly greater tedium (defined as a general experience of physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion) than men. (Author/GC)

Offers strategies, based on six value systems, to reduce employee turnover. Maintains that understanding the value systems of people as they relate to jobs is the key to improving the selection process, and that employees should be chosen in accordance with how well their value systems match their work and work environments.

Defines the concept "quality of working life," why interest in this has increased, and why guidance counselors and students should understand it. Quality of working life means more than job satisfaction or flexible working hours. It helps guidance teachers understand attitudes and expectations of students embarking on their first job.…

Discusses a study of the effects of work and expanded employee participation in decision making on four employee outcomes: alienation, job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and commitment. (Author/JOW)

Used a coding system for chronicling a variety of microbehaviors in sequence in adolescent job environments. Working teenagers (N=97) were observed continuously over a two-hour period. Three elements of each of 100 behaviors were recorded: the social context, the character, and the duration and concomitants of the behavior. (Author/RC)

One practitioner's experience in setting up on-the-job training in Saudi Arabia is described, including training materials, cultural environment, and the Saudi work ethic. In a related article, off-duty life for Americans is discussed, including dress for women and men, cultural aspects, and entertainment. (CT)

Examined the differential effects of a management by objectives (MBO) program on work satisfaction of development and research employee groups. Analyses indicated that these groups differed in perceptions of their work group climates and that facets of MBO explained significantly different amounts of variance in the groups' work satisfaction.…

In examining the interest in adult education among persons with little formal education, researchers found a correlation existed between passivity and lack of satisfaction in the work situation and low motivation for adult education. Educational interest was related to leisure habits that already consisted of highly organized activities. (SK)

Describes the use of job enrichment techniques as tools for increased productivity and organizational change. The author's motivational work design model changes not only the job design but also structural elements such as physical layout, workflow, and organizational relationships. Behavior change is more important than job enrichment. (MF)

The task of the personnel manager is to create an environment that produces commitment and motivation in employees. Motivation is greatest when the employee knows that efficient and productive behavior will lead to satisfaction. (JN)

Considers some of the economic, sociological, technological, and psychological factors influencing the shape of work in America during the 1980s. Critical issues are pay, employee benefits, job security, alternative work schedules, occupational stress, economic participation, and democracy in the workplace. (CT)

Four aspects of job satisfaction among urban and suburban high school teachers were examined: work, colleagues, supervision, and pay. Data indicate that subjects dissatisfied with intrinsic job aspects (work, colleagues, supervision) were satisfied with extrinsic factors (pay), and vice-versa. (Authors/CJ)