Investigates the persuasive communication of male and female middle managers, focusing on the mediating influence of a manager's power on his or her selection of anticipated compliance-gaining message strategies. Finds no marked differences between the genders in the types of strategies and tactics used to influence subordinates. (KEH)

Collective bargaining cannot work when the parties are not free to assess the costs of agreeing against the costs of disagreeing and act on their decisions. Management must remove substantive bargaining restrictions, even if this means working to eliminate employee strike benefits and restrictions on the board's taxation ability. Affirmative…

Community development practitioners in rural areas need to develop strategies for coping with rural dependence on core organizations such as multinational corporations and national governments. Rural communities should discuss issues, join forces with other communities, interact with core actors, and find ways to be more self-reliant. (SK)

The academic department is viewed as a form of cartel, a model of monopolistic behavior characterized by control over a particular differentiated product. The development and operation of this academic cartel is explored. (MSE)

Analyzes possible differences in the attitudes of citizens, school board members, and selected community leaders toward (1) the board of education's role and function; (2) educational reform proposals; and (3) current educational issues in eight Illinois communities. Demographic characteristics did not influence each group's perceptions of reform…

Proposes tentative model for considering the nature of power and how counselors might use power to influence those who have impact on their clients and programs. Presents power strategies framework based on differing levels of interpersonal relationships as way to bring about desired change in interpersonal situations that are harmful to clients…

Recent interviews suggest that career education remains peripheral to the main school curriculum due to lack of sufficient time, money, and attention paid to reform pressures and the power structure. Also, few teachers or guidance counselors are trained in career skills assessment. Schools must pursue more effective partnerships with business.…

Focusing on the University of Wisconsin budgeting system, this paper studies the interrelationship between political and institutional forces of conformity. Institutionalization processes as expressed through the budget seem to be infused with power and self-interest within the organization and in extraorganizational relations. Includes 64…

In theory, the item veto would empower the President to remove wasteful and unnecessary projects from legislation. Yet, despite its history at the state level, the item veto is a loosely defined concept that may not work well at the federal level. Much more worrisome is the impact on the balance of power. (Author/CH)

Examined 67 preschool children's concepts of authority with regard to 3 factors: adult-peer status, social position, and type of command. Found that preschoolers have understandings of the social context in which authority relations are embedded, conceptualizing authorities not solely with respect to their adult status, but to their role within…

Explores how the connections between women educators and female students can be critical for the development of a liberating resistance in both. Issues of self-esteem, voice, and female authority are discussed, and a retreat program for women educators is described. (SLD)

Suggests that "competence" is a component of power-knowledge practices that regulate adults through a process of self-regulation. Argues that competency-based education is a means of producing consent without using oppression or force in reproducing the social order. (SK)

Reviews recent literature, finding support for hypothesis that power of alcoholic parent within household is related to whether offspring become alcoholic. In considering reasons for this relationship, suggests that children and adolescents are more likely to emulate and identify with powerful alcoholic parent and, thus, learn that alcohol can…

Results of interviews with 15 women executives were compared to a 1978 study. Socialization and skill development remain important management training needs, but there is less concern now for training about stereotyping. The importance of communication, networking, power, and politics increased substantially, indicating areas where significant…

Staff working with adult literacy clients take a six-step exploration of power: (1) defining power as degree of choice available; (2) identifying factors enabling choice; (3) examining schools' role in reproducing social relations; (4) comparing social status; (5) depicting participants' place on the power differential continuum; and (6)…