In the contemporary information-rich academic environments, the superabundance of information sources requires that readers compose balanced referential representations of topics presented in sets of sources that provide divergent standpoints on them. Prior beliefs have been reported to skew the representations that readers build based on such…

The research study explored online language learners' self-directed language learning (SDLL) experiences, benefits, motivations, and challenges when employing educational tools like Duolingo in an out of classroom context. To gain insights into SDLL, in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 10 Duolingo users were conducted. Study results…

This research examines how flow charts affect idea development and writing knowledge in first-year students of Jadara University, Jordan, who are English majors. English majors need creative and cognitively organized writing to succeed academically and professionally. To test this, 55 volunteers were randomly allocated to experimental and control…

Writing is an important skill, often neglected at the beginning of formal L2 learning due to the perception that it might be difficult or interfere with acquiring L1 literacy skills. However, there are benefits to teaching writing early on, such as raising awareness of the English spelling system, which is particularly important given its…

Grounded in self-based and community-oriented concepts of motivation research into learning world languages, this study investigated stereotypes about native-speaker and non-native-speaker teachers of German that 110 novice learners of French, German, Russian, and Spanish had encountered. It furthermore analyzed how participants rated the accuracy…

The motivation of English language teachers (ELTs) plays a critical role in educational success and the effective teaching of English Language Learners (ELLs). Understanding the factors that influence teacher motivation is therefore essential for educational improvement. This study investigates the complex interplay among social support, job…

The role of AI chatbots is undergoing a transformation, where it was firstly used for English native language learning; later, it shifted to the use for learning English as a second language (ESL) and English as a foreign language learning. Lastly, it is used to learn foreign languages. Hence, due to the changes in AI chatbots' role, there is a…

The purpose of this study is to measure communicative apprehension, fear of negative evaluation, and test anxiety as predictors of students' anxiety with speaking achievement. The second goal was to determine the relative importance of the three predictors in predicting speaking achievement in Department of Islamic Education, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu…

Motivated by the increasing popularity of service-provider virtual exchanges (SPVEs), in which native speakers (NS) are trained, supervised, and paid by a third-party company to converse about cultural topics with second language (L2) learners, this study examines the potential of L2-NS videoconferencing conversations to foster negotiation of…

In response to calls for an assessment tool that provides a separate performance dimension from the linguistic quality-oriented measures of complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF) and guided by systemic functional linguistic (SFL) theories, this study introduces a set of fine-grained objective measures of communication/content/function…

This study investigates the use of English as the medium of instruction (EMI) by a non-native speaker as part of shadow education. Data were collected from a group of Thai students (n = 5) enrolled in an English course at a local tutorial school during their last year of tertiary education. Specifically, the study focused on the perceptions and…

Drawing on Markus and Nurius's (1986) theory of possible selves and Higgins's (1987) theory of self-discrepancies, Dörnyei (2005, 2009) developed the L2 self-guide, a construct explaining the generation of motivation for language learning. Because Dörnyei focused on convergences in the source theories, L2MSS researchers have come to regard…

Evaluative language is crucial in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) writing, particularly in expressing authorial stance and supporting arguments. Among various linguistic frameworks, appraisal in Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) has been extensively used to map and assess evaluative linguistic features. Since its inception in the early…

Pedagogy and education in the English language have experienced a transformative impact with the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This dynamic combination has enhanced instructional strategies, fostered interactive learning environments, and equipped learners with essential digital literacy skills (DLS). Integrating…

This article discusses the benefits of providing training sessions for teaching practice through a workshop model. The author provides an overview of the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework and explains how each branch relates to the planning and delivery of a teacher-training workshop. The article concludes with a sample workshop plan based on…