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Ferretti, Ralph P.; Butterfield, Earl C. – American Journal on Mental Retardation, 1989
The study compared the problem solving strategies of intellectually gifted (N=133), average (N=102) and mentally retarded (N=51) children on two-dimensional integration problems. Gifted children tended to integrate dimensional information by addition, average children used lexicographic strategies, and retarded children relied on a single…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Elementary Secondary Education, Gifted, Intelligence Differences
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Bateson, David John – Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 1995
The entire thesis of "The Bell Curve" disintegrates due to biased use of data, misrepresentations, and logical inconsistencies. Five basic flaws are: inferring causality from correlation, use of dubious racial categories, contradictory arguments concerning the immutability of cognitive ability and the relative contributions of heredity…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Data Interpretation, Inferences, Intelligence Differences
Fishler, Karol; Koch, Richard – American Journal on Mental Retardation, 1991
Comparison of the mental status of 30 subjects with Down's Syndrome mosaicism and 30 matched subjects with trisomy 21 Down's Syndrome found that the mean intelligent quotient of the mosaic Down's Syndrome group was significantly higher and that this group showed better verbal abilities and more normal visual-perceptual skills. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Child Development, Downs Syndrome, Genetics, Intelligence
Jensen, Arthur R. – Diagnostique, 1991
This paper summarizes empirical findings of research on a theory of general mental ability, based on laboratory studies of the relationship between measurements of individual differences on conventional psychometric tests and in speed and efficiency of information processes. The paper covers characteristics of "g" (general mental ability),…
Descriptors: Biological Influences, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Processes, Individual Differences
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Aks, Deborah J.; Coren, Stanley – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1990
To assess the effects of individual attentional focus differences on measures of mental skills, distractibility was studied for 272 first- and second-year college undergraduates through a speeded visual search task and tests of mental and verbal ability. Results suggest that perceptual/attentional factors are an important aspect of measured…
Descriptors: Attention, Cognitive Ability, Higher Education, Intelligence Differences
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McDaniel, William F.; Foster, Robert A.; Compton, David M.; Courtney, Audrey S. – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1998
A protocol for screening the complex verbal, simple verbal, simple visual, and spatial working memory was tested on 125 persons with mild, moderate, and severe mental retardation. Results found the test discriminated well between levels of mental retardation, correlated reasonably well with IQ, and possessed relatively good test-retest…
Descriptors: Adults, Clinical Diagnosis, Disability Identification, Intelligence Differences
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Kaplan, Bonnie J.; Crawford, Susan G.; Dewey, Deborah M.; Fisher, Geoff C. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2000
The vocabulary and block design short forms of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition were administered to 63 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 69 children with reading difficulties (RD), and 68 children with comorbid ADHD and RD. No significant differences were found. (Contains references.)…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Disorders, Children, Cognitive Ability, Intelligence Differences
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McDaniel, Michael A. – Intelligence, 2006
The purpose of this study is threefold. First, an estimate of state IQ is derived and its strengths and limitations are considered. To that end, an indicator of downward bias in estimating state IQ is provided. Two preliminary causal models are offered that predict state IQ. These models were found to be highly predictive of state IQ, yielding…
Descriptors: Intelligence Quotient, Correlation, Causal Models, Predictor Variables
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Colom, Roberto; Jung, Rex E.; Haier, Richard J. – Intelligence, 2006
It is unclear whether brain mechanisms underlying human intelligence are distributed throughout the brain or mainly concentrated in the frontal lobes. Data are inconsistent possibly due, at least in part, to the different ways the construct of intelligence is measured. Here we apply the method of correlated vectors to determine how the general…
Descriptors: Correlation, Neurological Organization, Brain, Intelligence Quotient
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Lynn, Richard; Longley, David – Intelligence, 2006
A number of studies in the United States have found that Jews obtain higher average IQs than white gentiles. This paper examines whether this is also the case in Britain. Three early studies are summarized that found that Jews in Britain have mean IQs in the range of 110-113. New data are presented for two nationally representative samples of 7-16…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Jews, Intelligence Quotient, Sampling
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Phillips, Leonard W.; Bianchi, William B. – Urban Education, 1975
Desegregated students showed greater gains in reading achievement at the end of 7 months than segregated students; however these differences may be due to qualitative differences in reading instruction and do disappear after 24 months. Black students I.Q.'s increased under conditions of desegregation while students in the control school lost…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Black Students, Elementary School Students, Intelligence Differences
Scarr, Sandra – 1986
Research has shown that differences among ordinary people in intelligence and personality depend equally on individual genetic variability and on differences in the environments that siblings experience within the same family, not differences in the neighborhood, school, and community environments. As of yet, there are no adequate theories to…
Descriptors: Environmental Influences, Family Environment, Family Relationship, Heredity
Lutkemeier, David M.; Wade, James P. – 1984
The study examined the intellectual performance of 248 school age students 157 of whom were taken from public school settings. Of these, 93 were emotionally handicapped (EH) students and 64 were regular education students. The remaining subjects came from a residential school for EH children and youth (n=15) and from a summer program for…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Elementary Secondary Education, Emotional Disturbances, Intelligence Differences
Edmonds, Ed M.; Smith, Lyle R. – 1984
To clarify the effects of noise, sex, and intelligence on student performance, 289 sixth-grade students were randomly assigned either the Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) or the STEP Reading Test Form 3 (STEP III) to be taken under high- or low-noise classroom conditions, with gender and intelligence as variables. Students who took the SPM…
Descriptors: Classroom Environment, Classrooms, Elementary Education, Grade 6
Humphreys, Lloyd G. – Proceedings of the National Academy of Education, 1981
This document is a book review of "Bias in Mental Testing" by Arthur R. Jensen. Jensen discusses intelligence as a phenotypic construct. The problem of ethnic differences in phenotypic intelligence is emotionally charged, which makes rational consideration of the issues difficult. The reviewer disagrees with the author's predisposition…
Descriptors: Book Reviews, Ethnic Bias, Intelligence, Intelligence Differences
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