A lab study was conducted to test the effect of different kinds of instruction in copying tasks, which are considered to be a fundamental function in the area of psycho-motor skills. The study was organized as a two-way design with 24 eight-year-old Ss. (Editor)

Causal attributions of a person actually experiencing a success or failure (the actor) and someone who read about the situation (the observer) were compared. Results supported Jones and Nisbett (1971). (Editor)

Describes the initial attempt to develop a SPART, Self-Perceived Abilities Relevant in the Task, inventory, the results and discussion of that attempt including its predictive validity, and speculations on the practical and theoretical implications of the SPART construct and instrument. (Author/RK)

The present study examined the effects of two variables, association value (low, high) and length of anticipation interval (3 sec, 6 sec) on the paired-associate transfer performance of young and elderly adults in the A-B A-B paradigm. (Editor)

Sex-typed and androgynous subjects rated the similarity of handwritings on masculinity-femininity and also rated the writings on an absolute scale of masculinity-femininity. The data supported the hypothesis that subjects who monitor their own behavior on a given dimension are more sensitive to cues in others relating to that dimension. (Editor/RK)

Examines inalienable possession in French and Mandarin with the aim of bringing out typological affinities. In particular, two unresolved issues are re-examined: Haiman's Iconicity Hypothesis and the question of the protypical semantic categories of iposs. (32 references) (Author/CK)

Discusses management of a research group and examines the role of collaborative hypertext in supporting the maintenance of a hypertext database about hypotheses and research papers. Highlights include hypothesis formulation; paper revision, including appropriate journal selection and author collaboration; information technology support; and an…

Describes two experiments using apparent contradictions of the form "Did you like your supper:--I did and I didn't" to show that non-set theoretic interpretive structures are accessible to adults and 3-year-olds. (17 references) (Author/CK)

Describes how a teacher used the "hypothesis-test" (HT) approach with a first grader for a school year to examine up close the process of a child learning to read. Describes how the teacher saw what was happening as the children read and then brought that to the rest of the class so everyone could learn from each other. (SR)

Explores the relationship between the concept of uncertainty in information seeking within a model of the problem-solving process and variables derived from other models, based on longitudinal data collected in the United Sates and the United Kingdom that investigated the processes of mediated information retrieval searching during human…

Investigates the cultural accommodation hypothesis in questionnaire-based research: Do respondents adjust their responses in a way that reflects the cultural values associated with the language of the questionnaire. A test of this hypothesis with a sample of university students in seven countries indicates that cultural accommodation plays an…

Multinomial modeling--a methodology that can be used to measure and study cognitive processes--is discussed, and applications are presented. This statistically based technique involves estimating hypothetical parameters that represent the probabilities of unobservable cognitive events and is compatible with computational theories of cognition.…

Describes a study of undergraduates that investigated the effects of communication mode (i.e., face-to-face versus remote), information load, and distribution of information on biased discussion in groups. Topics discussed include computer-mediated communication systems (CMCS); biased discussion and information characteristics; and biased…

Investigates the incidence of segmental and prosodic contrasts in recorded sentence materials and the use of such distinctions in the processing of utterances. The chosen materials involve sites of parsing ambiguity. Results show that in the immediate interpretation of spoken language input, intonational contrasts function as clear structural…

Describes the use of the tetrachoric correlation for experimental research and hypothesis testing of the efficiency of computerized information searching. Highlights include recall, relevance, and precision in information retrieval; use of a spreadsheet; examples; and limitations. (Author/LRW)