Four case studies are analyzed to demonstrate how situational and role constraints in organizations make nonparticipation the most practical adjustment for workers. Organizational settings are viewed as socializing contexts that teach workers what is expected, valued, and actually pays off. The implications of this view for other forms of worker…

Examines the role of the archivist and of the curator, the nature of their work, working conditions, number of people employed in these occupations, required training, other qualifications, possibilities for advancement, job outlook, earnings, related occupations, and sources of additional information. (CT)

Examines a recent trend in American businesses--workplace democracy--and what it means for education, with specific suggestions for classroom methodology. Discusses democracy in American businesses, education's role in preparing future business employees, and suggestions for business educators. (CT)

Domestic violence is described and its causes examined. The reaction of victims is discussed, as well as the effect of violence on the victim. Recommendations to help human resource professionals work with employees and their managers to deal constructively with the problem are presented. (CT)

Twenty-five rural educators completed a 12-item Q-sort on stress factors. Resolving parent/school conflicts was the most stressful, followed by handling student discipline, and completing reports on time. The stressors varied somewhat from stressors listed by urban teachers, but only slightly. (BRR)

The study evaluated the effectiveness of teacher and peer supervision in increasing levels of on-task behavior and work performance of six severely retarded individuals. Results indicated that close supervision by either a teacher or peer was superior to the baseline condition, with peer supervision producing higher levels of on-task behavior.…

The personal reminiscences of a teacher educator ready to retire touch on changing attitudes toward education and the consequences of those attitudes: the shifting character of the bitter criticism teacher educators must endure whatever the current educational fashion. (PGD)

Occupational social work in the United States-Mexico border region requires knowledge of how gender, cross-cultural factors, and systemic factors affect industrial workers' mental health. A major concern involves knowing when the very structure of the industrial organization must be challenged in order to promote mental health in the workplace.…

From a sample of 442 teachers in two Northwest states, 70 percent identified critical incidents of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Significant satisfaction factors were recognition and achievement.Dissatisfaction factors were relations with students and parents, lack of achievement by students or teachers, district policy and its…

Data collected from 114 clerical employees in 19 offices related objective office characteristics to employee attitudes and behaviors by focusing on interpersonal, job-related, and environmental dynamics. (JW)

The applicability of motivation hygiene theory to hospital pharmacists is discussed. Intrinisic and extrinsic factors including achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement, salary, interpersonal relations, supervision, policy and administration, and working conditions are discussed. (MLW)

Discusses job discretion (the degree of worker autonomy) and the American "work ethic" in a historical context and in regard to the current shift from a manufacturing economy to one based on information services and new technologies. (ML)

To promote health and wellness, business leaders, health professionals, and health educators developed a Wellness Council program to be used in individual companies. Accomplishments and organization of the council are discussed. (DF)

Examined the relationships among role stress (i.e., role conflict and ambiguity), job-related tension, job satisfaction, and propensity to terminate employment for a national sample of both male and female accountants (N=1080) in public, industrial, and government accounting. Results indicated that accountants cannot be treated as a homogeneous…

The author examines the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's Hazard Communication Rule, also known as the Federal "right-to-know" law, aimed specifically at the chemical industry. He discusses content of the law, the role of trainers, input of labor unions, the effectiveness of safety training programs, and prepackaged…