Over the last three decades 45 states have been confronted with school finance lawsuits. This phenomenon has led to a proliferation of school funding equity studies. However, to date, most studies of the equity of state school finance systems have focused on differences in expenditures between school districts. More recent research has found…

Private tutoring is a widespread phenomenon in many developing countries, including Vietnam. Using the Vietnam Living Standards Surveys 1997-1998 and 1992-1993 for analysis, this paper finds evidence that private tutoring in Vietnam is a necessity in the household budget for both primary students and lower secondary students, and the trend to…

The purpose of this study was to document the instrument development of maze measures for grades 3-8. Each maze passage contained twelve omitted words that students filled in by choosing the best-fit word from among the provided options. In this technical report, we describe the process of creating, reviewing, and pilot testing the maze measures.…

Problem-posing abilities of 54 third graders who displayed different patterns of achievement in number concepts and novel problem solving were investigated in this paper. The children were administered a problem-posing pretest followed by an instructional program (for half the sample) and a delayed posttest. Among the findings are the limited…

The way that graphs can be used to make calculations that are commonly used by institutional researchers is described using specific examples, and the technique of constructing computational graphs (and nomographs) is outlined. It is shown that once a calculation involving several variables has been represented by a computation diagram or a…

Recommendations for remediation of 28 distinct common error patterns in arithmetic computation are described. (SD)

On behalf of the Editorial Panel of the "Arithmetic Teacher," the authors outline a concensus concerning the importance of computational skills in the mathematics curriculum. Ten specific points are made concerning the needs of the student, classroom practice, the nature of computational learning, and needed research. (SD)

Describes methods for teaching the mole concept, including analogous calculations involving household objects, and the use of a cardboard wheel showing the interrelationships between moles, molecular weight, and the gaseous molar volume. (MLH)

A multitude of methods has been proposed to estimate the sampling variance of ratio estimates in complex samples (Wolter, 1985). Hansen and Tepping (1985) studied some of those variance estimators and found that a high coefficient of variation (CV) of the denominator of a ratio estimate is indicative of a biased estimate of the standard error of a…

Traditionally, the Doppler effect for sound is introduced in high school and college physics courses. Students calculate the perceived frequency for several scenarios relating a stationary or moving observer and a stationary or moving sound source. These calculations assume a constant velocity of the observer and/or source. Although seldom…

High-performance computers coupled with highly efficient numerical schemes and user-friendly software packages have helped instructors to teach numerical solutions and analysis of various nonlinear models more efficiently in the classroom. One of the main objectives of a model is to provide insight about the system of interest. Analytical…

This book contains a variety of worksheets to teach and reinforce addition skills. Secret codes, magic squares, pyramids, coloring activities, and dot-to-dot challenges are included to motivate students. A two-page test of basic addition facts is provided, with the suggestion that the teacher time the test and give it repeatedly to assess…

A collection of motivational activities to introduce and reinforce basic subtraction facts is presented. Emphasized are the use of pairs with the same differences, such as 7-3=4, 6-2=4, and 5-1=4. A three-page test that can be used to test and retest each student is included; after graphing the results, the test can be cut apart and used as a set…

This book is designed to introduce and provide motivational practice on basic multiplication facts for students in grades 2-6. The facts are presented in order from 0 through 12, with activities designed to review previously presented facts at three points. A test is provided. Searches, magic squares, mazes, and puzzles are among the activities…

Presented are worksheets to introduce and provide practice on division facts with divisors of 2 through 10 for students in grades 3-6. Magic squares, searches, codes, and other puzzles are included in addition to more traditional activities. A test is included. (MNS)