An athlete needs to be taught to identify strengths and weaknesses, to concentrate for longer periods of time and regain lost concentration, to develop greater self-discipline and self control, and to deal with performance anxiety. Instructions are given for teaching relaxation methods to athletes, improving concentration, and setting realistic…

Examined adequacy of family functioning related to the health status of its members. Studied 46 heart patients and concluded that families of most patients functioned fairly well. Found family functioning unrelated to health as determined by objective indicators or self-perception, and unrelated to depression but negatively related to anxiety.…

Effects of stress on educators and efforts to understand and cope with stress are discussed. Sources of stress, common reactions to stress, the effects of stress on educator performance, and suggested preventive methods are examined. (JN)

Discussed whether similarity affects the relationship between comparison and other-evaluation. Subjects read about an emergency, estimated their reaction, and evaluated a target who failed to help. Results showed increasing discrepancy between self and other's reactions led to more negative evaluations if self and target were the same sex.…

In nine articles, examines the phenomenon of leisure and leisure counseling from a psychological point of view. Discusses and reacts to the nature of leisure and its relationship to mental health and cognitive development, leisure counseling models, the role of leisure education in youth development, and future directions. (RC)

A method, involving the plotting of scores on a grid, was developed for use in comparing scores from the Gottschalk-Gleser content analysis scales, which have different Black and White norms. These profile forms can be used to pictorially examine psychological state or trait scores derived from speech. (Author/GDC)

Client expectancy of powerlessness can lead to actual powerlessness. Once counselors recognize that personal power is healthy and beneficial, they have to begin to structure institutions and agencies to encourage the development of personal power. (Author)

Examines, based on research from southern Africa, Northern Ireland, the Middle East, and the United States, the ways in which community violence affects children, their families, and communities. It reviews the literature, highlights recurring themes, and discusses the implications of this research for school and community intervention in the…

A study examined the effect of a 1-day outdoor experiential training orientation on graduate students' perceptions of stress. Fifty-seven first-year veterinary medicine students were surveyed before the fall semester and during final exam period. Several mood states, including anxiety-tension, vigor-activity, and depression-dejection were…

Examines how social workers may reduce ethical conflicts associated with efforts to address substance abuse by adopting a harm reduction approach to policy, practice, and research. Also examines current drug policies and their consequences and, in particular, how these policies affect social workers as practitioners, agents of social control, and…

Explored interface between preschoolers' socio-emotional characteristics and interactions with teachers during free play. Found that children who most frequently initiated teacher interaction behaved more aggressively than peers and were so rated by teachers. Children who most frequently received teacher initiations were more shy and anxious.…

Discussed are the principles of Gestalt psychology and the history and future of the movement. A comparison of Gestalt, Behaviorist, and Structuralist ideas is included. The study of perception, learning, memory, and thinking from the Gestaltist point of view is described. (KR)

Examines the impact that separation from family has upon the educational experiences of the Turkish migrant children in West Germany. Cites epidemiological research showing little difference between West German and migrant children relative to psychological disturbances. Discusses two case studies which indicate that there is relevant educational…

Gathered information from deaf individuals (N=14) about positive psychological and educational development of hearing-impaired persons. Identified six common variables: supportive family climate; frequent and diverse experiences; educational curricula promoting problem-solving, independence, and self-reliance; supplementary opportunities for…

About 26% of all children under age 18 live with a divorced or separated parent or with a stepparent. Since divorce is a crucial factor in the lives of millions of children in this country, this issue is devoted to its social, economic, and psychological impacts. (SLD)