Mexican Americans were legally defined as Whites as a result of treaty obligations with Mexico that expressly allowed Mexicans to become U.S. citizens. Federal laws of the time required that an alien be White to become a U.S. citizen. The government of Mexico and the U.S. Department of State pressured the U.S. Census Bureau to reclassify Mexican…

This book focuses on learner-centered instruction in college and university classrooms, presenting the meaning, practice, and ramifications of this approach and explaining how it transforms the college classroom environment. The book shows how to tie teaching and curriculum to the process and objectives of learning rather than to the content…

Oppression in the United States can be described as a mental/spiritual and social/material domination that is fueled by manipulation and alienation. Manipulation and alienation play a prominent role in the lives of Xicanas/os (a broadening of the term "Chicana/o" to include all indigenous peoples in the United States and Latin America)…

This teacher's resource book is coupled with a student text that is part of a continuing series on current and historical international and public policy issues. The background reading offers students an insight into the forces that are expected to shape international relations in the 21st century. The resource book is based on a suggested…

This master's thesis describes the relationship between effective principalship and student achievement, school climate, and discipline. It also examines the connection between self-esteem and a principal's effectiveness, student achievement, and student behavior. The conclusion is that "the performance of the principal is a strong determinant of…

Student achievement in American schools must improve dramatically if all young people today are to have equal access to the labor markets and be contributing members of society as adults. Currently, only 20 to 25 percent perform proficiently. Standards-based education reform aims to raise that level to at least 75 percent of students mastering the…

This document is a collection of three parts: two extended papers and one shorter commentary on the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS). These originally appeared in "Literacy Across the Curriculum" in response to an invitation for comment to several prominent international researchers. The first of these entitled "The…

Studying the history of the development of different subjects in the school curriculum can help us better understand the social processes involved, as well as the theoretical issues. The attempt to have environmental studies recognized as an A-level subject in British secondary schools is discussed as an example. (IS)

Distinguishes authority from power and argues that authority is congruent with social work values and practice theory and is related to both the function of agencies and the tasks of workers. Many social workers are reluctant to seek authority and thereby fail to engage their clients. (Author/JAC)

A survey in an Australian technical institute focused on the relationship between faculty's trust in academic leadership on campus and the operation of committees, in the context of institutional governance and administration. Attitudes toward administrators and committees, satisfaction with decisions, information sources, and perceived channels…

The process of course accreditation revealed basic, unresolved ideological differences within the disciplines that affected course development. Certain curriculum development procedures are recommended to help avoid or resolve these conflicts and facilitate accreditation. (MSE)

"Policy" has emerged as an organizing vehicle for encouraging innovation and guiding administrative decisions in academe. Barriers to innovation are identified as: general, faculty, administrative, and personal resistance. The development of leadership familiar with the nature and function of policy as an organizing concept is essential. (MLW)

Confusion and conflict between college administration and policy formation are discussed. A reformulation of trustee, administrator, and faculty responsibility is proposed in which policy-making and implementation are shared, in varying proportions according to institution size and type, and in which the administration is encouraged to formulate…

A Mega Model of Planned Change in education and social development is presented. The Mega Model consists of eight elemental models, which systematically deal with various aspects of complex change processes. Characteristics and applications of the CLER elemental model (configurational relationships, linkages, environments, resources), the basic…

Data from a sample comprising 46 superintendents and 95 principals in 83 New York State school districts indicate that, for each role, different factors hindering task completion (including bureaucracy, supervision, decision-making power, work demands, and district and individual characteristics) will predict administrator dissatisfaction with…