The state of the academic profession in the United Kingdom is examined, with some comparisons to Australia. Focus is on changes during the 1980s and the role of public policy. The disadvantaged status of academic women is noted, and changes in emphasis on teaching, research, and administration are discussed. (MSE)

Reviews literature at the micro- (individual, interpersonal, and small group) and macro- (organizational, societal, and cultural) levels relating to the experiences and outcomes of minorities in work settings populated primarily by members of the majority. Uses Tajfel and Turner's Social Identity Theory as an organizational and integrative…

A study of one small Canadian university used official employee records, details from contracts and employment terms, an employee survey, and structured interviews to investigate gender equity in university employment. Six employee groups were examined: faculty, librarians, professional and technical workers, secretarial-clerical workers, physical…

This article develops a framework for assessing how differential incentive policies affect teacher commitment and identifies key workplace conditions contributing to commitment. The framework is used to assess effects of such differential incentive policies as merit pay and career ladders. Increasing participation, collaboration, and feedback is…

Autobiographical reports were collected of workplace collegiality from elementary teachers who had successfully made fundamental changes from more traditional and routine to nontraditional, less routine reading and writing instructional practices. Results found collegial talk was an important component in the gradual process of making a…

A long-time teaching assistant and now adjunct faculty member at a major university looks at the forces both for and against unionization on campus and under state law, the theoretical but not practical support of faculty and administration, the value of unions for teaching assistants, and the nature of the graduate student-college relationship.…

Explores teachers' reactions to changing management cultures and argues for a complex reading of their responses. Utilizes data from several ethnographic studies that examined primary school teachers' reactions to the fact that the strictures and obligations of their vocation have become more professional. Many older teachers left whereas younger…

This study investigated four beginning special educators' problems of practice and the influence of the school context on teachers' abilities to solve their problems. Participants were troubled by issues related to instruction and curriculum, understanding the system, inclusion, and exhaustion. Teachers received little support from general…

Explored the complex interrelationship between the family, child work and migration, the role of the family in decision making and migration process, and the economic benefits of labor migration for the child's family. Found that migrants' family-based contacts in location and recruitment process were important. Determined priorities identified by…

Provides an overview of recent changes in the tertiary sector in New Zealand, and considers possible futures for higher education. Pays special attention to three themes: emergence of the "perpetually choosing student," potential changes in conditions of work for academics, and reconfiguration of academic priorities in the age of the…

Presents a theory of workplace control in American high schools based on the assumption that school workplaces contain potent systems that control the everyday work attitudes and conduct of teachers. Posits the formation of teacher types, each comprising distinctive attitudes toward work, as the link between control systems and behavior. (MJP)

This article discusses the challenges faced by a first-year special education teacher at a public high school. Challenges included issues such as behavior management, deciding what to teach, scheduling and time, working with a paraprofessional, collaboration and mainstreaming versus inclusion, paperwork and meetings, and training and support.…

Thirty-three employers in rural Arizona were interviewed concerning employer expectations, workplace opportunities, authority patterns, rewards, and social interaction at work regarding entry level workers directly out of high school. Available work was low skill with few rewards, yet demanded strong social skills and work ethic. Discusses…

Discusses findings from interviews with 19 committed principals and places them within the context of new research on principals as lifelong learners who publicly model intellectual curiosity. Conditions for continuous learning exemplified by these principals comprise three categories: professional identity, influence of the liberal arts, and…

Teachers are constantly characterized as resistant to change. Although most teachers are progressive in their work, the occupational culture of teaching seems passive and reactive. Information technology will further deschooling and desocialization of education, as decisions are made on technical grounds and teachers assume subordinate roles. (MLH)