Empowerment is a contested concept, an ideology creating new forms of control. Conceptualizing it as a multilevel construct is a step toward building a new hegemony for the working class, by raising consciousness of control, participation, shared vision, and ownership. (SK)

Reflecting on her study of working-class women's life stories, the author shows how several realizations influenced and changed these steps of the research process: collecting stories, developing coding methods, designing a comparative study, considering labels, attending to variations, addressing self-other relationships, and listening to life…

Discussion groups with diverse working class men who were predominantly non-participants in higher education examined how they used various discourses of masculinity when arguing for and against higher education participation. Discusses potential implications of these discourses for their continued underrepresentation in higher education.…

More working-class students are entering universities--mainly because the restructuring of the American economy has made a college degree an entry-level requirement for mid- and low-level jobs, the kind that call for manipulating information rather than steel or concrete. Despite these changing job demands, however, the class structure of the…

Introducing critical pedagogies into undergraduate early childhood teacher education programs may enable working class teachers who work with working class children to better examine assumptions of developmentally and culturally appropriate practices. This study focuses on a Latino assistant teacher who, after having returned from a semester of…

Access to higher education in America is increasingly becoming a privilege for upper-class youth. On the other hand, youth in lower socioeconomic groups have less access and are increasingly marginalized and less able to compete in the college choice arena. While parental involvement is one way to fight against this unfortunate trend, parents of…

Union-management relationships have been filled with fear since the rise of capitalism; public education is no different. Workers fear exploitation by owners (profits depend on it) and capitalist/management has always worried that the working classes will organize and either take over the firm or strike and bring production to a screeching halt.…

In January of 2001, the TimberWest Corporation permanently closed its Youbou sawmill facility near Duncan, British Columbia, Canada laying off 220 workers. On the surface, the Youbou mill closure reinforced a pervasive sense that workers and communities in the province are increasingly vulnerable to an ever more globally integrated and footloose…

At one time, academic inquiries into the relationship between socioeconomic class and language acquisition were commonplace, but the past 20 years have seen a decrease in work that focuses on the intersection between class and early language learning. Recently, however, against the backdrop of the No Child Left Behind legislation in the United…

In Central America the Cold War support of the elites by the United States was designed to ward off the communist threat. At the same time social and economic demands by the working and middle classes created revolutionary movements in the face of rigid and violent responses by Central American governments. Issues of social justice pervaded the…

This paper examines the effect of school social class composition on pupil learner identities in British primary schools. In the current British education system, high-stakes testing has a pervasive effect on the pedagogical relationship between teachers and pupils. The data in this paper, from ethnographic research in a working-class school and a…

Analyzes data from the 1984 Survey of Income and Program Participation concerning business owners as distinct from the self-employed. Findings indicate that 11.9 percent of nonagricultural workers are business owners and that 70.8 percent of businesses are sole proprietorships. (CH)

Discusses survey data concerned with the occupational rewards considered important by a sample of working-class job applicants. Focuses on how work objectives are affected by gender and situational values. Male-female work values are fairly similar--both are primarily situational--but sex differences increased in the presence of children. (KH)

The long-held fiction that this is a society without class distinctions, that everyone has an equal chance, helps to keep the working class from a sustained and organized effort on its own behalf. (JOW)

South Bank University in London offers a summer mathematics course that gives mature students with few formal qualifications the opportunity to gain math skills for further education. The program features small groups, tutors experienced in adult education, and attention to confidence building. (SK)