Two experiments examined the effects on recall of encoding and retrieval "depth" (the extent to which subjects process the semantic as well as the phonetic and orthographic attributes of verbal material), encoding-retrieval cue compatability, and subject versus experimenter generation of cues. In the first experiment, 117 undergraduates, divided…

Presents information gathered as to how children make use of reading skills and what effects factors in the text, such as vocabulary, syntax, layout, and even illustrations, can have on the child's response. (RB)

Concludes that a higher incidence of oral reading errors is associated with close proximity to unknown words. (RB)

Reports on a survey examining the occurrence, definitions, and inferred meanings of technical vocabulary in the professional literature on decoding. (RB)

The author reviews literature on fluency of decoding, sentence awareness or comprehension, and comprehension of larger than sentence texts, in relation to reading comprehension problems in learning disabled children. Initial sections look at the relation of decoding and fluency skills to skilled reading and differences between good and poor…

The irregularity of English spelling rules, dialect differences, and an inability to identify sound segments within a single syllable are three important reasons teachers and students have difficulty teaching and learning reading using phonics. Within the same language, phonics rules may need to be adapted to fit the dialect of the student or of…

Attempts have been made to develop a model of the process of reading comprehension as a whole that would indicate under what conditions and for what reasons a long sentence might be more effective than several short ones, when repetition is helpful and when distracting, when content is better left implicit in a text, and how overexplicitness might…

Four tasks believed to assess different subskills of word decoding were administered to 87 kindergarten subjects after determining their ability to decode novel word forms. The four tasks included visual-aural recognition, aural-aural recognition, visual-oral production, and aural-oral production. Subjects were grouped into high, middle, and low…

The objectives of this investigation were (1) to study the effects of Minicourse Eighteen, "Teaching Reading as Decoding," upon the development of 27 specific teacher behaviors related to teaching reading decoding skills in a panel of 33 inservice and preservice teachers; and (2) to study the effects of teacher training, or lack of training, with…

Describes four teaching techniques which help poor readers experience decoding automatically. (MKM)

Suggests ways to help students avoid miscues caused by eye dialects in their reading. (DD)

To study the notion of stage processing independence in reading, measures of the decoding process and semantic processing were obtained on a sample of elementary pupils. Performance on these measures was related to lexical accessibility, letter properties and the familiarity of the words used in the measures. (Author/JKS)

Two experiments investigated the effects of color coding sounds in Thai syllables on the acquisition of pronunciation responses and on transfer to syllables which are not color coded. (Author/DEP)

A new computer assisted instructional program designed to increase decoding fluency in reading was evaluated for use with 20 learning disabled elementary grade children. After 10 weeks of daily 15-minute practice sessions, subjects showed substantial improvement on words practiced, words never practiced, and reading speed and accuracy. (Author/DB)

The paper cites research which suggests that computers be programmed to deliver effective practice in basic decoding skills. Three evaluation studies are presented that show how currently available programs can be used to increase decoding fluency in children with reading problems. (CL)