A growing body of evidence suggests that vocationally focused programs of study substantially improve high-school completion and longer-run economic success. However, the corresponding recommendations to expand vocational programs may have unintended, negative consequences for low-income, academically successful students (i.e., the "missing…

Textual data, as a key carrier of learning feedback, is continuously produced by many students within course forums. The temporal nature of discussion requires students' emotions and concerned aspects (e.g. teaching styles, learning activities, etc.) to be dynamically tracked for understanding learning requirements. To characterize dynamics of…

Typical difficulties in learning probabilistic subjects are concerned with big data, complicated formulas and inconvenient figures in statistical analyses. The present research considers the usage of innovative teaching methods (e.g. electronic summary of lectures, presentations of lecture courses, task solution templates, electronic training…

Across the Higher Education (HE) sector student feedback is used to feed into university processes and guide decision making. In this study, data gathered allowed the authors to investigate a hitherto neglected, but important, cohort of successful students -- those who succeeded when all the odds were stacked against them. The identified group of…

Technology and games are the areas where learners are most interested in today's world. If these two can be brought together within the framework of learning objectives, they can be an advantage for teachers and students. This study aims to investigate the learning environment supported by game and simulation. The games were used to evaluate the…

This article uses fixed effects models to estimate differences in contemporaneous and downstream academic outcomes for students who take courses virtually and face-to-face--both for initial attempts and for credit recovery. We find that while contemporaneous outcomes are positive for virtual students in both settings, downstream outcomes vary by…

We study whether childhood health capital affects school attendance, long-run occupational outcomes, and intergenerational mobility. We address this question in the context of London, England during the late nineteenth century using the inpatient admission records of three large hospitals linked to population census records, from which we identify…

This study contributes new evidence on the factors associated with undergraduate study abroad participation and post-college civic engagement, with particular attention on the moderating influence of first-generation college student status. Drawing on Education Longitudinal Study 2002-2012 data, this study analyzes how students' ascribed…

Informal inference is a critical practice for students to engage in if they are to understand formal statistical methods. However, during informal inference students often utilize complex ideas that many in-service teachers are not prepared for as they have not had the opportunity to think deeply about statistics and develop statistical knowledge…

The study was aimed at determining the effectiveness of learning using Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework in helping the change of reasoning patterns and modes of Biology prospective teachers so that it facilitates in encompassing the Embryology as one of abstract concepts. The subjects used were 49 students of…

The article asks about the minimal number of persons required for achieving a probability 1/2 that (a.) At least two share a birthday, (b.) At least one shares the reader's birthday. A basic question about the necessary number of checks underlies both problems.

The 2-high-threshold (2HT) model of recognition memory assumes that test items result in distinct internal states: they are either detected or not, and the probability of responding at a particular confidence level that an item is "old" or "new" depends on the state-response mapping parameters. The mapping parameters are…

This study uses data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, 2010-2011 to better understand the rates of grade retention during elementary school and the factors associated with this grade retention. Using matched student-teacher and student-principal data, I examine the student-, teacher-, and school-level factors associated with a student's…

Research on student epistemologies in introductory courses has highlighted the importance of understanding physics as "a refinement of everyday thinking" [A. Einstein, J. Franklin Inst. 221, 349 (1936)]. That view is difficult to sustain in quantum mechanics, for students as for physicists. How might students manage the transition? In…

It is commonly assumed that belief-based reasoning is fast and automatic, whereas rule-based reasoning is slower and more effortful. Dual-Process theories of reasoning rely on this speed-asymmetry explanation to account for a number of reasoning phenomena, such as base-rate neglect and belief-bias. The goal of the current study was to test this…