Argues that changes in science's political economy are natural outcomes of science itself becoming more capital-intensive and the slowing of federal support for research. Events resulting from these changes include increased seeking for private industry funding, circumventing peer review and competitive allocation, and disagreement on division of…

Reviews the findings of the White House Science Council's survey of the condition of the United States university-research community. Indicates the problems that threaten the quality of academic research and outlines recommendations for its improvement. Funding changes, tax credits, and scholarships are among the panel's suggestions. (ML)

Presents and analyzes data on sources of research and development (R&D) funds; R&D spending by government agencies; how industry apportions its R&D outlays; spending by individual chemical companies; manpower in industrial R&D; sources/uses of academic R&D funds; largest spenders on R&D; and demographic trends. (JN)

Reports on the origins of the Society for Research in Child Development in light of the management/administrative and funding problems surrounding the founding of the Committee on Child Development by the National Research Council. (BB)

Addresses the issues related to the construction of the Superconducting Supercollider (SSC) and to decisions associated with other big-budget research facilities. Examines questions concerning the collider's design, technology, construction, management, and operation. Also explores the international implications of the project. (ML)

Discusses the Center for Advanced Study in Education (CASE) in Manhattan as a representative research and development center in a collaborative role with the New York City Schools. Presents its role as educational problem solver for immediate solutions rather than for interesting findings. Provides examples of three on-going problem solving…

Discusses the three major areas of partnerships between the corporate and academic communities (business financial support of higher education, contract research agreements, education and training of the nation's labor pool). The author also examines the role of government, academic freedom, and the value of liberal arts. Brief descriptions of…

Limitations in cooperation between higher education and industry in Poland are linked to differences in the sectors' assessment criteria for research activities, time perspectives, administrative structures. Solutions to these problems have not yet been worked out. (MSE)

Coordination between research and practice in performance appraisal is essential. Specifically, researchers should focus on utilization methods while practitioners should focus on appraisal content. Cognitive process research may increase raters' ability to judge accurately but fails to address raters' willingness to provide accurate ratings. (BL)

Campus research facilities are threatened by deteriorating building conditions, obsolete laboratories, and out-of-date research equipment. Higher education must lobby Congress to replace deterioriating facilities and outmoded equipment. (MLW)

Discusses computer assisted instruction (CAI) from perspective of artificial intelligence researchers and describes program features of intelligent computer assisted instruction (ICAI) that researchers feel will improve on deficiencies of CAI. Program descriptions and sample interactions from several tutorial and expert system ICAI programs are…

The concepts of mutual adaptation and mutual accomplishment are used in an analysis of implementation of a delinquency prevention research and development program. Success from the perspective of both the developer and the participant is described. (DF)

Describes the positive effects of collaborative teacher teams. Such team efforts can produce good research, provide professional development, and encourage greater collegial interaction. Includes reference list. (MD)

Reports results of a 1972 onsite survey and a 1981 follow-up questionnaire survey examining purposes and programs of 11 selected United States urban research centers and their libraries. Center staff, publications and expenditures, and center libraries (purpose, collection size and subject areas, staffing patterns) are highlighted. (EJS)

The National Board of Medical Examiners uses the Rasch model to calibrate test items, maintain item banks, equate scores, and monitor the consistency of examiner item response patterns. The model is also being used in the study of patient management problems examinations, standard-setting, and computer-based examinations. (Author/BS)